MAS Innovation Newsletter July | Page 18

TECH SIZE OF THE CUSTOMER PORTFOLIO THERE ARE PROS AND CONS IN HAVING A NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS IN A FIRM. PROS ARE, The above mentioned pros could be effectively utilized to develop products rapidly and cost effectively. But, if the number of customers grows beyond a certain threshold level (as depicted in figure below), new product development impedes since costs involve with managing relationships increase with each addition of new customer beyond the threshold level. MAJOR CONSTRAINTS ARE, • High transaction cost • Limited available managerial attention. For customer driven NPD / Innovation, if a firm is in its threshold level it is advisable to further strengthen existing relationships rather than establishing new customers at a higher cost. NEW PRODUCT OUTPUT • Wide range of external information available to the firm • More customer settings – to test the applicability, validity and functionality of the product • More ideas – for development products. MODERATE PORTFOLIO CUSTOMER PORTFOLIO If a firm cannot handle many customers (due to limited resources, inefficiency, inexperience, etc...), having too many can lead to information overload and confusion since management is looking at several customer information sources. This is particularly relevant in for new technology firms. Therefore, it is proposed that there is an inverted U-shape relationship between number of customer portfolio and a firm’s new product output. REVENUE CONCENTRATION WITHIN THE PORTFOLIO. According to Helena & Ramkumar (2008), resource dependence theory states, the manner in which a company depends on others (e.g. customers) in NPD / innovation process with regard to capital, materials, know-how and reputation. For a company to carry out NPD / Innovation, it depends on a third party who supplies necessary requirements; that is, being dependent on another party results in the partner having more bargaining power.