The distribution for allograft is done through regional tissue banks. Bone graft substitute includes Bone morphogeneticproteins( rh-BMP2, rhBMP7) and along with some growth factors( transforming growth factorbetaTGF, fibroblast growth factor FGF and Platelet Derived growth factor PDGF) helps in bone reconstruction, bone repair and regeneration; Synthetic Bone graft are created chemically using Hydroxyapatite, Tricalcium phosphate, Calcium sulphate, Calcium phosphate and some degradable and non-degradable polymers are also used. It is an alternative to allograft and autograft. BMP has some benefits over allograft by decreasing the risk of morbidity and disease transmission.
Bone graft substitute is segmented on the basis of application- Spinal fusion, Long bone, Foot and ankle, Craniomaxilofacial, Joint reconstruction and Dental. Mostly, in long bones and spinal fusion, Synthetic bone graft is used while in Foot and ankle, Craniomaxilofacial, Joint reconstruction and Dental, allograft is used. The end use of Bone graft and substitutes are the doctors. For improved growth, cell therapy technique is used with bone graft. In cell therapy, soft tissue is injected for the treatment. It includes bone marrow and platelet rich plasma with bone graft. Due to this complementary use of products with bone graft, there is an increase in market share. Platelets help in releasing the growth factors and thus improving the osteoinductive mechanism of bone graft.
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Geographically, it is segmented in North America- U. S and Canada, Europe- U. K and Germany, Asia Pacific- China and Japan, Latin America- Brazil and Mexico, Middle East- South Africa. North America is one of the fastest growing country. Some of the reasons behind this are the growing geriatric population, increase in number of surgeries, more support by the government regarding reimbursement. According to Orthopedic Biomaterial market in U. S, around $ 2.5 billion sales is generated by Bone grafting. It is expected that the growth will increase to $ 2.8 billion by 2022. Each year, more than 2.2 million bone grafting are performed. The major key players in the market are Wright Medical Group, Baxter International, Medtronic plc, Zimmer Inc., Allosource, Stryker Corporation, Depuy Synthes, Orthofix Holding Inc., and NuvasineInc.
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