The distribution for allograft is done through regional tissue banks . Bone graft substitute includes Bone morphogeneticproteins ( rh-BMP2 , rhBMP7 ) and along with some growth factors ( transforming growth factorbetaTGF , fibroblast growth factor FGF and Platelet Derived growth factor PDGF ) helps in bone reconstruction , bone repair and regeneration ; Synthetic Bone graft are created chemically using Hydroxyapatite , Tricalcium phosphate , Calcium sulphate , Calcium phosphate and some degradable and non-degradable polymers are also used . It is an alternative to allograft and autograft . BMP has some benefits over allograft by decreasing the risk of morbidity and disease transmission .
Bone graft substitute is segmented on the basis of application- Spinal fusion , Long bone , Foot and ankle , Craniomaxilofacial , Joint reconstruction and Dental . Mostly , in long bones and spinal fusion , Synthetic bone graft is used while in Foot and ankle , Craniomaxilofacial , Joint reconstruction and Dental , allograft is used . The end use of Bone graft and substitutes are the doctors . For improved growth , cell therapy technique is used with bone graft . In cell therapy , soft tissue is injected for the treatment . It includes bone marrow and platelet rich plasma with bone graft . Due to this complementary use of products with bone graft , there is an increase in market share . Platelets help in releasing the growth factors and thus improving the osteoinductive mechanism of bone graft .
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Geographically , it is segmented in North America- U . S and Canada , Europe- U . K and Germany , Asia Pacific- China and Japan , Latin America- Brazil and Mexico , Middle East- South Africa . North America is one of the fastest growing country . Some of the reasons behind this are the growing geriatric population , increase in number of surgeries , more support by the government regarding reimbursement . According to Orthopedic Biomaterial market in U . S , around $ 2.5 billion sales is generated by Bone grafting . It is expected that the growth will increase to $ 2.8 billion by 2022 . Each year , more than 2.2 million bone grafting are performed . The major key players in the market are Wright Medical Group , Baxter International , Medtronic plc , Zimmer Inc ., Allosource , Stryker Corporation , Depuy Synthes , Orthofix Holding Inc ., and NuvasineInc .
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