Manchester Magazine Spring 2016 | Page 19

MU| F e a t u r e s Pharmacogenomics puts Manchester at cutting edge C all it one more horizon at a place where the horizons are infinite and never far from either sight or mind. Manchester University breached this particular horizon last November, when it became the first school to be accredited for a one-year master’s degree program in the emerging field of pharmacogenomics, or PGx. This will be a stand-alone program within the Pharmacy Program – itself both an act of courage and faith – and yet another commitment to the University’s mission of academic excellence and innovation. The program, comprising three full-time semesters, will allow students to engage in hands-on training in a high-tech laboratory in an immersive environment enhanced by small class sizes. David Kisor, chair of pharmaceutical sciences, directs the PGx program. So what is PGx? To find its modern roots you have to go back 25 years to the inception of what was called the Human Genome Project. Eleven years of work led to the mapping of the human gene, which in turn opened up new technologies that have made it possible to analyze multiple genes simultaneously. makeup – thereby taking the guesswork out of determining which medication will work for which patient. The end point is getting the patient on the right drug, providing early response, while avoiding adverse drug reactions. Currently, there are more than 130 drugs on the market that contain PGx information in the package label, including about 20 of the most commonly prescribed drugs that are known to interact with an individual’s genes. The continued development of this technology could have the biggest impact on cancer treatment, where 75 percent of patients don’t respond to the initial prescribed drug. PGx, it is hoped, will replace that trial-and-error approach with one in which not only the correct drug but the optimal dosage can be identified for each individual patient. Widespread application would theoretically replace treatment of drug reactions with prevention, vastly reducing the cost of such treatment. By Benjamin Smith PGx incorporates these new technologies to study how variations in the human genome affect a patient’s response to medications. It’s a large-scale, often genome-wide approach that could eventually allow drugs to be adapted to each person’s individual genetic Thomas Smith, assistant professor of pharmacy practice, works in the lab. Manchester | 19