MANAGEMENT OF NORM IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY Akpojevwa Tega Naomi, october 2016 | Page 45

liquids to be collected in water tanks or basins with additional necessity for
treatment and handling and might also lead to carryover of contamination to the
environment.
Figure 3.1. Worker using a HPWJ lance (Courtesy: Atomic Energy Commission
of Syria)
3.5
Disposal Options for NORM Contaminated Waste
Disposal options are influenced by the characteristics of the waste e.g. activity
concentration, type of radiation, half-life period and physical form. Disposal site
factors like climate, geology, ground water and surface water can also influence
the suitability for a specific kind of waste to be disposed.
Optimal dispositions should establish safe, practical and cost-effective disposal
methods for NORM waste. They should also be designed to provide protection
to human health and the environment. It is relevant to develop appropriate risk
assessment programs aligned with the local and international regulations. The
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