Health Matters
Nutrition And Autoimmune Diseases
By Kepha Nyanumba
Autoimmune diseases are increasingly becoming a major public health concern worldwide, with their prevalence rising steadily over the past few decades. These conditions are connected to the immune system, a complex network of cells and organs that protect the body against harmful agents like bacteria, viruses, and toxins. In autoimmune diseases, however, this protective system mistakenly attacks the body’ s own tissues, perceiving them as threats. This results in chronic inflammation, tissue damage, and a variety of symptoms depending on the organ affected.
More than 80 autoimmune disorders have been identified including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease. Women are disproportionately affected, accounting for nearly 80 % of autoimmune disease cases, and the rise is being observed across both high-income and low-income countries.
Research indicates that the development and progression of these conditions is influenced by a combination of lifestyle factors, genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and infections. The growing burden places significant strain on healthcare systems, emphasizing the need for early detection, preventive strategies, and multidisciplinary management.
The Link Between Diet and Immune Function
While genetics and environmental triggers play a role in the development of autoimmune diseases, emerging evidence shows that diet is a major modifiable factor influencing immune balance. What we eat can either support immune regulation or contribute to immune overactivation, making nutrition a powerful tool in the prevention and management of
Autoimmune health relies on a delicate equilibrium between the immune system, hormones, gut health, and emotional wellbeing. When individuals embrace this holistic approach, they gain empowerment, resilience, and a renewed sense of connection with their own bodies. This balance becomes the foundation for long-term wellness and a more vibrant, satisfying life. autoimmune conditions.
A healthy gut is central to a wellfunctioning immune system, since nearly 70 % of immune cells are housed within the gastrointestinal tract. Nutrientdense foods play specific roles in immune regulation. They provide certain nutrients that directly influence immune cell behavior, antioxidant defenses, the integrity of the gut lining, and the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways.
Ensuring an optimal supply of these nutrients can therefore make a significant difference in symptom control and overall wellbeing among individuals living with autoimmune conditions.
One of the most well-studied nutrient groups in autoimmune management is Omega-3 fatty acids that help shift the body away from producing pro-inflammatory cytokines and instead promote the formation of natural compounds that calm exaggerated immune responses. This not only reduces joint pain and swelling but may also slow disease progression. Closely linked to fatty acid balance is the intake of monounsaturated fats which support cell membrane health and exert antioxidant effects that further protect tissues from inflammatory damage.
Another critical nutrient is vitamin D, often referred to as an immunoregulatory hormone. Adequate vitamin D levels help maintain tolerance within the immune system preventing immune cells from attacking the body’ s own tissues. Vitamin D deficiency is common in individuals with autoimmune diseases and has been
98 MAL69 / 25 ISSUE