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HEALTH MATTERS Nutrition And Mental Health By Kepha Nyanumba M ental health disorders are a concern for people of all ages. They can affect anybody, anytime and anywhere. In fact, research reveal that during a lifetime, more than 25% of individuals develop at least one mental or behavioral disorder. The World Health Organization projects that by 2020 depression will be the second leading cause of medical disability on earth. Given these shocking predictions, mental health conditions, once written off as “personal failures” or “weaknesses,” are now garnering greater attention as significant public health concerns. According to the WHO, mental health is a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. The WHO stresses that mental health “is not just the absence of a mental disorder”. Several factors have been linked to mental health. These determinants of mental health and mental disorders include not only individual attributes such as the ability to manage one's thoughts, emotions, behaviours and interactions with others, but also social, cultural, economic and environmental factors. Stress, genetics, nutrition, perinatal infections and exposure to environmental hazards are also contributing factors to mental disorders. Nutrition Influences Brain Function The choice of our food makes all the difference and directly affects the function of your brain and mood. Eating high-quality foods that contain vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants nourishes the brain in a positive way. Similarly, a diet high in refined sugars can impair brain functions and worsen the mental health The choice of our food makes all the difference and directly affects the func- tion of your brain and mood. Eating high-quality foods that contain vita- mins, minerals, and antioxidants nour- ishes the brain in a positive way. Sim- ilarly, a diet high in refined sugars can impair brain functions and worsen the mental health symptoms. 86 MAL35/20 ISSUE symptoms. It is important to avoid the high sugar, processed foods and focus on foods containing the nutrients that benefit brain health. A brain-friendly diet includes fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy, lean protein, and limited amounts of sodium, saturated fat, and sugar. Working these foods into your diet will help protect your brain, fight fatigue, and boost your mood and alertness. What are Neurotransmitters? How we think, feel and behave on a daily basis is influenced by the balance of various neurotransmitters in our brain. When this process is working optimally our brain chemistry is said to be balanced and we respond appropriately and positively to the outside world. A neurotransmitter is defined as a chemical messenger that carries, boosts, and balances signals between neurons or nerve cells, and other cells in the body. These chemical messengers can affect a wide variety of both physical and psychological functions including heart rate, sleep, appetite, mood, and fear. Billions of neurotransmitter molecules work constantly to keep our brains functioning, managing everything from our feelings to our learning and concentration levels. There are numerous different neurotransmitters that influence how we think and feel.