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cannot be predicted, maintaining the present price level may be appropriate. Alternatively, a price change may have an impact on product image or sales of other products in a company’s line that it is not practical to assess. Politics may be another reason for maintaining prices. has monopolistic control over the market segments it serves. In other words, when a brand has a differential advantage over competing brands in the market, it may take advantage of its unique position, increasing its price to maximize its benefits. There are three main reasons for lowering prices. First, as a defensive strategy, prices may be cut in response to competition. A second reason for lowering prices is offensive in nature. Lower costs have a favorable impact on profits. Thus, as a matter of strategy, it behoves a company to shoot for higher market share and to secure as much experience as possible in order to gain a cost and, hence, a profit advantage. The third and final reason for price cutting may be a response to customer need. If low prices are a prerequisite for inducing the market to grow, customer need may then become the pivot of a marketing strategy, with all other aspects of the marketing mix developed accordingly. Sometimes prices must be increased to adhere to an industry situation. Of the few firms in an industry, one (usually the largest) emerges as a leader. If the leader raises its price, other members of the industry must follow suit, if only to maintain the balance of strength in the industry. If they refuse to do so, they are liable to be challenged by the leader. Usually, no firm likes to fight the industry leader because it has more at stake than the leader. In adopting a low-price strategy for an existing product, a variety of considerations must be taken into account. The long- term impact of a price cut against a major competitor is a factor to be reckoned with. In a highly competitive situation, a product may command a higher price than other brands if it is marketed as a “different” product. Finally, the impact of a price cut on a product’s financial performance must be reviewed before the strategy is implemented. If a company is so positioned financially that a price cut will weaken its profitability, it may decide not to lower the price even if the lowering price may be in all other ways the best course to follow. On the flip side, a price increase for an existing product can be implemented for various reasons. First, in an inflationary economy, prices may need to be adjusted upward in order to maintain profitability. During periods of inflation, all types of costs go up, and to maintain adequate profits, an increase in price becomes necessary. How much the price should be increased is a matter of strategy that varies from case to case. Price may also be increased by downsizing (i.e. decreasing) package content size while maintaining price. Prices may also be increased when a brand Conclusion a price for a product can be a complex task to small firms. It becomes extremely challenging for startups and more so those in the cut-throat competition dominated the field. The revenue model and pricing strategy a firm chooses will impact a wide variety of aspects to the business such as the type of clientele the firm deals with and viability of the business in the long run. This means deciding a pricing model is very important for any firm survival. Geoffrey Sirumba is a Brand and Marketing Practitioner, currently working as the Head of Marketing at Metropol Corporation Limited. You can reach him via email at: Geoffsirumba@gmail.com or @ geoffsirumba on Twitter. Selecting the pricing strategy and assigning Your Pains Into Gains People/Organizations For we seek to understand your pains, then focus on converting them into gains for your personal & organizational development. "Experts In Business Development & Consulting" Approved Trainer NITA TRN 805 IHRM Certified Trainer C00304 We offer You Strategy & Planning Market Activations & Branding Research Corporate Training Technology Consulting Experiential Team Building Getting Things Done Nairobi CBD Office: Salama Hse, Mama Ngina Street, 3rd Floor Suite 311/2, Opposite City Hall Head Office: SCG Business Centre, Eastern Bypass, P.O. Box 10430 - 00200 Nairobi, Tel: 020 2655565 Cell: 0735 540 800, 0729, 157 100, 0722 575 595