MACHINERY LUBRICATION- INDIA SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2019 | Page 16

AUTOMOTIVE sulfur, can severely cripple the converter’s ability to perform its job. Therein lies the first major difference between PCMO and heavy-duty diesel oil. Diesel engine oils have a higher anti- wear load in the form of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP). Catalytic converters in diesel systems are designed to handle this additive, but gasoline systems are not. This is one of the main reasons you don’t want to use diesel engine oil in your gasoline engine. Effects of Switching Engine Oils Viscosity is the single most important property of a lubricant. For engine oils, the selected viscosity must allow the oil to be pumpable at the lowest startup temperature the vehicle will experience while still protecting components at in-service temperatures. Generally, diesel engine oil has a higher viscosity. If you were to put this higher viscosity oil in a gasoline engine, several problems might arise. The first issue would be heat generation from internal fluid friction. Heat affects the life of the oil in a negative way. For every 10 degrees C the temperature of the oil is raised, you cut the life of the oil in half. Another problem with this higher viscosity oil is its low-temperature pumpability. During cold starts, the oil 36 % of lubrication professionals cannot distinguish passenger car motor oil from heavy-duty diesel engine oil, according to a recent survey at MachineryLubrication.com may be very thick and difficult for the oil pump to deliver to vital engine components like the lifter valley. This lack of oil at startup will lead to premature wear, as the components will interact without the benefit of lubrication until the engine temperature starts to increase. Additive Effects on the Engine Diesel engine oil has more additives per volume. The most prevalent are overbase detergent additives. These additives have several functions, but the primary ones are to neutralize acids and clean the oil in the sump. Diesel engines create a great deal more soot and combustion byproducts. Through blow-by, these find their way into the crankcase, forcing the oil to cope with them. When this extra additive load is put into a gasoline engine, the effects can be devastating to performance. The detergent will work as designed and will try to clean the cylinder walls. This can have an adverse effect on the seal between the rings and liner, resulting in lost compression and efficiency. Reading Oil Labels So how do you know if an oil has been formulated for a gasoline or diesel engine, or even the particular year the vehicle was made? When reading the oil’s label, look for the American Petroleum Institute (API) donut. In the top section of this donut will be the service designation. This designation will start with either an “S” (service or spark ignition) for gasoline engines or a “C” (commercial or compression ignition) for diesel engines. See the example on page 56. Other organizations have their own codes for the types of oils used in gasoline and diesel engines. They also align with the API’s standards. These include the International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee (ILSAC) and the Association of European Automotive Manufacturers (ACEA). API and ILSAC are based in the United States, while ACEA is in Europe. These organizations help to specify automotive and diesel engine oils throughout the world. R MASTERCLASS IN I N S T I T U T E www.lubrication-institute.com “LUBRICANTS BLENDING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE” This 2 day training course will provide an in-depth understanding of the principles, economics and flexibility of lubricant blending plants and how to operate a lubricants blending plant efficiently and economically 6th
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7th
Dec
2019 Mumbai
Who should attend? Lubricant formulators Blending plant managers and operators Lubricant specialists Quality assurance professionals Blending Equipment and packaging manufacturers Entrepreneurs manufacturing lubricants www.lubrication-institute.com 14 | September - October 2019 | Email: [email protected] www.machinerylubricationindia.com Call: [phone]