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Stronger protection from unsecure traffic Speaking of network security, Android P pushes forward with Google's effort to move away from unencrypted "http" web traffic and toward fully secure web transmissions. P actually takes what Oreo started in that department and turns it up a notch (so to speak): With Oreo, Google introduced a new system in which app developers could choose to prevent unencrypted network traffic — commonly known as "cleartext" — from appearing in their apps. As of P, that system is fully active and running by default default. Developers can still opt to allow unencrypted network traffic on a case-by-case case basis by white listing specific domains as needed. And the change will only affect apps that have been updated to support Android P, so older apps that aren't regularly maintained ained will continue to function without issue. Better protection of your unique device identifier Network connections aside, every Android device has a permanent and unique identifier known as a "build. Serial identifier" — basically a serial number that belongs to your phone and your phone alone. It remains present even through factory resets, so if you sell your device to someone, he or she will then have ve that same number. It may seem trivial, but it's just one more way companies could track you and learn about you without your knowledge — especially when you consider that in the past, apps were able to freely access and store that number. With Oreo, Google gle started the process of pulling back that ability — and with Android P, it's fully removing the ability for apps to access your device identifier without first getting permission. 11