THE DIGITAL REVOLUTION
3D Printing and Custom Implants
3D printing technology allows flexibility and options for producing orthopedic implants . Knee replacement implants are made with biocompatible materials such as titanium , cobalt chrome and ceramics . Custom or standard implants can now be produced with greater detail and ease versus traditional metallurgical techniques . This facilitates implant availability and manufacture for routine primary surgeries but can be used to custom make implants in difficult and revision procedures . Additionally , the 3-dimensional internal structure and pore configuration can be optimized for enhanced biological osseointegration .
Smart Implants and Wearable Technology
Smart implants are equipped with sensors that monitor knee function after surgery . These sensors gather real-time data which can be shared with the patient ’ s health care provider . This technology enables remote monitoring obviating the need for some in-person follow-up . The data can help providers customize rehab protocols and might help predict any problems . The information gathered can also provide valuable data such as load bearing , kinematics and range of motion . This information can be leveraged over time to help us understand the postoperative fate of replaced knees .
Augmented Reality ( AR ) in Surgery
The newest area of interest in joint replacement surgery is the use of augmented reality ( AR ). AR technology overlays digital information , such as the patient ’ s anatomy or implant positioning , onto the surgeon ’ s field of view in real-time . AR is already being used in simulation and surgeon training , but when partnered with image guided or robotic assisted surgery , it has the potential to revolutionize the way surgery is performed .
Conclusion : The Future of Knee Replacement Surgery
Knee replacement is a tried-and-true treatment option for the treatment of knee pain caused by arthritis . These and other technological advancements provide surgeons with more tools and options for the surgical treatment of knee pain caused by arthritis . New technology provides us with additional means and data to continue to achieve the promise of improving the lives of millions of patients every year .
Dr . Khalily is the Medical Director of the Orthopedic Surgery and Adult Reconstructive Surgery at Norton Healthcare and was the first person in the world to perform an FDA-approved 3D printed cementless total knee replacement with the CORI system .
18 LOUISVILLE MEDICINE