Fig. 4
( continued from page 17) by a January 26, 1869 legislative act creating LMC. A high-quality faculty was
assembled, which included Drs. Henry M. Bullitt, Henry Miller( formally a U of L School founder), John Goodman, J. M. Holloway, J. A. Ireland, John A. Ouchterlony, and E. S. Galliard. The school opened September 1869 in the Old Law Building on the southwest corner of 5 th and Green( Liberty) Streets, with Dr. Bullitt as first Dean. Success was immediate, as students were drawn from all regions of the country, particularly the south and southwest. It had 225 students and 51 graduates in 1872-73, and by 1875-76 its classes were the largest west of Philadelphia.
By that time, Louisville was unique in being both“ Confederate-friendly” and thriving. Thus, the city provided a place of refuge and opportunity for ex-Confederate leaders and Southern youth seeking to develop careers in politics, business and medicine. LMC was particularly known for faculty drawn from the Confederacy, as exemplified by Dr. E. S. Gaillard, who was a LMC founder and editor of the widely read Richmond and Louisville Medical Journal. He became the colorful, combative spokesperson for LMC in the upcoming medical education wars.
Fig. 5
EDWIN SAMUEL GAILLARD, M. D.( 1827- 1885): LMC“ WARRIOR”
Edwin Samuel Gaillard, M. D., usually cited as E. S. Gaillard, was the leading LMC figure in its early years( Fig. 4). He was born January 16, 1827 in Charleston District, South Carolina, and attended the University of South Carolina in Columbia and the Medical College of South Carolina in Charleston( MD-1854). In 1861, he enlisted as Assistant Surgeon in the 1 st Maryland Infantry, and then became Assistant Surgeon in the Provisional Army of the Confederate States( CSA). This led to appointment as Medical Director of the 2 nd Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. In the May 29, 1862 Battle of Seven Pines, he sustained a gunshot wound to his right arm requiring amputation. After hospitalization and then re-confinement for varioloid, he returned to duty and served out the war in the CSA medical service. After the war he settled in Richmond, Virginia, becoming Professor of General Pathology and Pathologic Anatomy at the Medical College of Virginia. There he founded and edited the Richmond Medical Journal in 1866. In 1868, he moved to Louisville to become Professor of General Pathology and Pathologic
Anatomy at the Kentucky School of Medicine, where he changed Fig. 6 his successful journal’ s name to the Richmond and Louisville
Medical Journal, and continued his strong editorial opinions. In 1868, he was elected President of the Medical-Chirurgical Society of Louisville. In August of 1869, he participated in founding LMC as Professor of Principles and Practice of Medicine and General Pathology, and he became a fierce advocate for the school. As competition among the schools intensified, he used his journal and sharp pen to attack the rival U of L Medical Department and its leading figures, Dean James M. Bodine, M. D. and sur-
Fig. 4 Edward Samuel Gaillard, MD Fig. 5 Clinton W. Kelly, MD, CM
Fig. 6 Louisville City Hospital at Chestnut and Floyd at the time of Kelly’ s involvement.
18 LOUISVILLE MEDICINE