Louisville Medicine Volume 62, Issue 3 | Page 39

Speak Your Mind If you would like to respond to an article in this issue, please submit an article or letter to the editor. Contributions may be sent to [email protected] or may be submitted online at www.glms.org. The GLMS Editorial Board reserves the right to choose what will be published. Please note that the views expressed in Doctors’ Lounge or any other article in this publication are not those of the Greater Louisville Medical Society or Louisville Medicine. Asking questions Mary G. Barry, MD I Louisville Medicine Editor [email protected] spend about 90 percent of my day asking people things, while simultaneously typing the answers. What’s on your mind to discuss? How are you doing? How are things? What’s the matter? Are you sick? When did you last feel well? I ask my staff. Have you faxed it? Have you called it in? Have you gotten a hold of Dr. Sadlo? Have you called the Unit to confirm that they actually got the fax? Have you asked the pharmacist? Have you talked to Ms. Old Lady’s daughter ‘cause remember the patient is ah, useless? Have you sent it back to me? Have you sent the referral out? Have you gotten the PA form? Is the fever lady coming now? Have you done the See Todays? Have you changed my schedule? Have you taken the x-ray thing over to Barbara? Has Ms. T come back from Dexa? Has the lady in 8 peed in a cup? Have you taken it downstairs yet? Has the man in 10 had his minineb? Sharon, have you had any lunch? Do you need a banana? I ask the night nurses, since I round early. Did he get any sleep? Did his heart rate fall? Did he use his CPAP? Did his pain medicine help? Is he still out to lunch? Did his sats drop? Did he ever get out of bed yesterday? Did his sugar behave? Did he eat actual food? How much urine did he make? Does he look better to you? Did you all have a good night? I ask the people who accompany patients to the exam room. Does she snore? Do you think she’s worse or better? Do you think she eats enough? Do you think he’s taking enough pain medicine? Is there anything you’re worried about that he brought you along to tell me? I ask the person on the other end of the phone. Have you taken your temperature? Do you own a thermometer? Have you kept anything down? How many times have you gone? May I speak to the sick person please? Are you coughing up anything? How long was the tick on you? But the most interesting questions come in the midst of a sick person visit. You were fine and then bam, out of the blue, your belly hurt – what were you doing at that moment? Where in your belly? Did it stay just there? Did it go anywhere? What did it feel like? Sharp like a knife or sharp like intense? Could you do anything to make it better? Could you do anything to make it worse? What happened if you walked? What happened if you turned over? What happened if you drank something? What did you last eat? How long ago? So you’re sort of nauseated but not throwing up? Have you eaten leftovers or party food or restaurant food or any food you think might have done this to you? Have you lost your appetite? Have you kept liquids down? Does it hurt to pee? Does your urine look funny? Smell funny? So the pain is right under your ribs in the top of your belly, anybody in your family had gallstones? Have you been pounding down vodka by any chance? Has your stool color changed? Do you feel weak and sick, or just sick? Are you dizzy when you stand up? Did you take any kind of pill for this? Interrogation techniques are required. Rudyard Kipling’s “Who What Where When How and Why do you think you have this?” must be pinned down quickly. Making them start the story at the moment before the symptoms began, tell all and yet not lose track demands a quick ear and a firm hand. The person who begins her tale with “It could have been Thursday but maybe it was Tuesday” probably is not going to worry you much, but the person who says, “I came around the corner of my house Friday morning and dropped to my knees” has a shot at having something wrong with them, even if just a flair for the over-dramatic. Rapid-fire questions keep the person on track and make them focus on what they have felt. Doctors get to be both the good cop and bad cop in one visit (“Your eyes look like you feel bad but not awful” we say – good cop – right before we find that tender costovertebral angle – ow! - bad cop). We try never to lead the witness, therefore we chip away relentlessly with yes/no questions and keep demanding detail for which they must choose the adjectives. Socratic questions are good, to demonstrate at what level they understand the complaint. Rhetorical questions waste time. Confirming questions are the best fun. If I think you have A or B, or less likely C, I ask “So it feels better when you cough?” knowing that if they say no, it will be A and furthermore, if they look at (continued on page 38) August 2014 37