Louisville Medicine Volume 62, Issue 3 | Page 15

Talking the Talk, Walking the Walk: Looking at Transitions of Health Care in Louisville Aaron Burch T he experiences of the sick or injured and their families, the knowledge of physicians and nurses, the technical and clinical research done in this case or similar cases prior: these are the basic stepping stones to solving an ailment of any kind. When any part of this trifecta becomes unreliable, communication is damaged. Helping the patient becomes harder. Mistakes are made. A 2010 survey conducted by the Center for Disease Control found 35.1 million patients were discharged from hospitals over 365 days - just under one million patients per day. In Kentucky alone, patients spend approximately 3 million days per year in hospital beds, being waited upon and examined by nurses and doctors, specialists and surgeons, techs and aides. The amount of information required to operate and maintain our health care system at the highest level is staggering, and the only people who can shoulder the burden are the health care professionals already in the system. This is why it comes as no surprise when the needs of a patient or two slip through the cracks. Do these bandages need to be changed three times a day, or four? Does the doctor really need to be bothered at this time of night? Is that treatment really appropriate for this situation? The patient doesn’t know these answers. Only the people on the other side of the hospital gown decide what’s best. And, more often than not, the patient will trust their doctor. So, how do hundreds upon hundreds of health care professionals save their sanity and their patients, faced with the information they’ve got – or lack totally? “I don’t know what the cure is,” said Russell Williams, MD, a general surgeon at Jewish Hospital in Louisville. “I see people in my office from nursing homes. The ambulance people can’t tell you why they’re here. The patient can’t tell you why. There’s nothing on record. You don’t have phone numbers or you try them and the nurse is off. Sometimes people come in, and I don’t even know what to do for them.” Dr. Williams was part of a recent Greater Louisville Medical Society work group designed to strengthen transitions of care for patients from facility to facility, doctor to doctor. The group determined one of the most helpful things possible to accomplish was to create a standardized form for all Louisville and then Kentucky facilities which could follow each patient around with basic transitional facts. “That project’s done. Baptist has already implemented it statewide. It’s in their electronic health records,” said Dr. Williams. “Kentucky One is supposed to be implementing it and Norton Healthcare is now putting it into their system.” Dr. Williams said this implementation will have a major effect on the thoroughness of patient care. “This form makes it so much easier. When a patient comes in here and I have their basic information on a two page sheet, I don’t have to go sifting through thick stacks of papers to find what I need.” Despite the advantages of the form, the proper transition of care is an ongoing issue. No physician is immune to these slips of responsibility. “I’m not on call tonight. And in a perfect world, I’ll call up the doctor on call and tell them what’s going on with each of my patients. The nurse leaving her shift would do the same, in a perfect world,” said Dr. Williams. “But often times, I’m tired. I still have a good hour or two of rounds to make. I wonder if this other guy is already at home having dinner. Do I want to bother him? All my patients are doing great, and I don’t anticipate any problems. I’m sure he would call me if there was an issue. So maybe they feel the same way, and don’t bother me. Things can get dropped.” Dr. Williams attributes these mistakes to two things: physicians and nurses being increasingly busier and also a lack of personal interaction with patients. “It used to be the doctor went to the hospital, saw their patients, went to the office, had their clinic in the office. Now you get admitted and a nurse takes care of you. The office doctors hardly come to the hospital anymore.” Rick Rowe, MD, an emergency room physician who also participated in the GLMS work group and transition form, agrees. “Let’s say a facility has a doctor only in at night. He admits a patient but may never see them again. Plus, whoever sees them the following day might never see them again. When the patient goes home, their family doctor resumes responsibility for them, not to mention any consultants. The transitions have become too fragmented,” he said. Dr. Rowe is one of countless people with a personal example of slips in care. His father was in the hospital several years ago undergoing surgery for brain cancer. “While he was in, my father was seen by a well respected oncologist who told him he needed to have chemotherapy, but he wouldn’t need to drive so far, there was an outpatient clinic near where he lives. So my dad went to see the other doctor, who told him not only did he not need chemotherapy, but it might kill him if he had it. These doctors had the same information, but entirely different outcomes.” Dr. Rowe’s father survived without undergoing chemotherapy, but the example remains. “Perhaps if my dad’s first doctor had communicated better and explained why H