LMSS SPHINCTER vol.81 issue 2 SPHINCTER 3 No bleed | Page 16

IS TROPHY HUNTING T EXTINCTION OF ENDAN conservation of the species hunted, and given money made from the sport back to the local community. So how does it work? A rich person (probably white, American and male. Maybe a dentist.) comes along and asks the government for a legal permit to shoot and kill a black rhino. The government says “Okay! We have a black Rhino in this reserve which is old, infertile, and has killed 5 other rhinos. Give us $350,000, and we’ll give you a permit to kill it.” [this actually happened! (3) ]. So where does this money go? Well, Before I start, trophy hunting is different in Namibia, revenue from trophy hunting is to poaching. Poaching is the illegal, the main way that wildlife conservancy is unregulated killing of rare animals, often funded (4). In South Africa, a proportion of done by criminal cartels, where they trophy hunting profits are given to local make a profit by selling the animal parts land owners, incentivising these land to people in other countries. Rhino horn owners to protect and breed these can fetch up to a price of $100,000/kg, animals (5). where each rhino horn ranges between 1-3kg each (1)! This practice is horrible, So does it work? Well, yes! When done properly, with good regulation and with no and is internationally condemned, with corruption, trophy hunting can cause poacher’s facing life imprisonment and animal numbers to increase! In 1895, massive fines (2). there were less than 100 Southern White So why don’t people stop poachers? Rhinos. Now there are over 20,000, with Well, because there’s no incentive for 25 percent living on private game reserves these poor African countries to maintain (6). their animal populations. Why would farmers and governments care if the lions Before we get excited about the idea of which eat their livestock are being killed? trophy hunting saving our animals, we have to address the African elephant in Some countries however have taken the room. At the end of the day, hunting is advantage of the existing demand for the killing of animals. It is clear that people trophy hunting, and have used it to fund are not happy Trophy hunting is a term which is often met with disgust. What sick, twisted, freaks find killing these beautiful animals enjoyable? What goes through these people’s mind is a question I cannot answer, however the effect of trophy hunters on the ecosystem may change the world forever. Let me present the readers of this article with the most counterintuitive, ethically questionable solution to the extinction of some of our favourite species. with this idea after high profile instances such as with the killing of Cecil the Lion, and also the death of the beloved Harambe. From the perspective of someone who agrees with this idea, seeing pictures of hunters posed next to some of my favourite animals’ corpses makes me sad. This is a very valid concern, and there are a lot of ethical issues with raising animals just so they can be hunted. Animal rights groups such as PETA are strongly against the idea of trophy hunting, and often cite studies that highlight how easy it is for the system to become corrupt and give studies that show that it hasn’t worked. This is true in that, like all things, when trophy hunting is badly managed, it will not help conservation. However, “well-managed and sustainable trophy hunting [is] an important conservation tool which provides livelihoods, incentives for habitat conservation, … and profits which can be invested for conservation purposes” (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) (7). Although, it’s not fair to brush off these ethical groups as simply tree huggers who won’t accept any harm to animals even if it’s beneficial. There’s evidence that older elephants, ie the ones that would be hunted, are able to lead herds to water holes, and act as role models for younger elephants (8).