Living Environment Translated English 2014 | Page 31

10.A community consists of all of the populations in an ecosystem.
11.A population is made up of all of the members of a species that
live in the same ecosystem.
12.A species is a group of organisms that share similar characteristics
and can reproduce among themselves producing FERTILE
offspring.
13.A habitat is where an organisms lives.
14.When more than one organism needs the same resource,
competition occurs.
15.Competition limits population size.
16.Population size:
 Population density is the number of individuals that live in a
given area.
 Limiting factors are resources (food, water, air) that restrict
population size.
 An ecosystem’s carry capacity is the largest population that
it can support.
 Biotic potential is the highest possible rate of growth for a
population.
 Birthrates, death rates, and movement from place to place
affect population size.
17. Obtaining Energy
 All life requires a constant supply of energy.
 An autotroph is an organism that can make its own food.
o Autotrophs are also celled producers.
o Most producers make food by photosynthesis using
light energy.
o During photosynthesis :
 Plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water
 The chloroplasts in plant cells contain
chlorophyll which captures light energy used
during photosynthesis.