Living Environment Translated Arabic 2014 | Page 82

18. Abiotic factors are nonliving, physical features of the
environment
 Examples : air, water, soil, sunlight, temperature, and
climate
 The air that surrounds the Earth is called the atmosphere. It
contains 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.03 % carbon dioxide
and other trace materials.
 Water is essential to life on earth. Many important life
processes can only take place in the presence of water.
 Soil is a mixture of mineral and rock particles, the remains
of dead organisms, water and air. It is the topmost layer of
the Earth’s crust and it supports plant growth.
 Climate refers to an area’s average weather conditions over
time, including temperature, rainfall and other
precipitation, and wind.
19. Light energy supports almost all life on Earth.
20. Most organisms require a temperature between 00C and 500 C to
survive.
21.The availability of water and light influences where life can exist
on Earth.
22.Soil and climate have an important influence on the types of
organisms that can survive in different environments.
23. The Earth’s biosphere contains a fixed amount of water, carbon,
nitrogen, oxygen, and other materials that cycle through the
environment.