Living Environment Translated Arabic 2014 | Page 52

Unit 5 Genetics:
A. Vocabulary:
1. Heredity- the pass of traits from parent to offspring
2. Genetics- the study of how traits are inherited through the
actions of alleles
3. Gregor Mendel- the “Father of Genetics”
4. Allele-an alternate form of that a gene may have for a single
trait; can be dominant or recessive
5. Gene-a section of DNA on a chromosome that contains
instructions for making specific proteins
6. Homozygous- describes an organism with two alleles that are
the same for a trait ( TT or tt)
7. Heterozygous- describes an organism with two different alleles
for a trait ( Tt)
8. Punnett square- a tool used to predict the probability of certain
traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can
combine
9. Genotype- the genetic makeup of an organism
10.Phenotype-the physical appearance and behavior of an
organism as a result of its genotype
11. Dominant- describe a trait that covers over another form of that
trait; always shows up if present
12.Recessive- describes a trait that will only show up if there are no
dominant a [\