Living Environment Translated Arabic 2014 | Page 30

C. Cell Processes
1. Vocabulary:
a. Atom- the smallest part of an element that still retains the
properties of the element
b. Proton- a positive particle found inside the nucleus of the
atom
c. Neutron- a particle that has no change found inside the
nucleus of an atom
d. Electron- a negative particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom
e. Molecule- the smallest part of a compound that still retains the
properties of the compound
f. Element- a substance made of only one kind of atom
g. Compound- a substance made of two or more different kinds
of atoms which are chemically combined
h. Formula- a recipe for a compound
i. Mixture- two or more different types of atoms that are
physically combined
j. Organic compound- compounds that always contain carbon
and hydrogen
k. Inorganic compound – compounds, such as water, that do NOT
contain both carbon and hydrogen
l. Carbohydrate- an organic compound usually used as the
body’s main source of energy; sugars and starches
m. Lipid- an organic compound used to store energy long-term;
fats and oils
n. Protein- large organic molecules that contain carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur; used by the
body for growth and repair
o. Enzyme- a type of protein that controls nearly all chemical
reactions in a cell; speeds up a chemical reaction with being
changes or used up itself