Living Environment Translated Arabic 2014 | Page 30

C. Cell Processes 1. Vocabulary: a. Atom- the smallest part of an element that still retains the properties of the element b. Proton- a positive particle found inside the nucleus of the atom c. Neutron- a particle that has no change found inside the nucleus of an atom d. Electron- a negative particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom e. Molecule- the smallest part of a compound that still retains the properties of the compound f. Element- a substance made of only one kind of atom g. Compound- a substance made of two or more different kinds of atoms which are chemically combined h. Formula- a recipe for a compound i. Mixture- two or more different types of atoms that are physically combined j. Organic compound- compounds that always contain carbon and hydrogen k. Inorganic compound – compounds, such as water, that do NOT contain both carbon and hydrogen l. Carbohydrate- an organic compound usually used as the body’s main source of energy; sugars and starches m. Lipid- an organic compound used to store energy long-term; fats and oils n. Protein- large organic molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur; used by the body for growth and repair o. Enzyme- a type of protein that controls nearly all chemical reactions in a cell; speeds up a chemical reaction with being changes or used up itself