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Management research done on your ranch. So, remember that results only demonstrate tendencies and not the exact results you should expect. 11. When considering changes in practices or amounts of inputs, do a good cost/benefit analysis. It is easy to be led into spending more than the additional return. You might ask how much more can I spend on 100 cows to get three more pregnant? Or, will the cost of 5 more pounds of weaning weight be less value when I take the price slide into account? 12. Reduce overheads as much as possible. (Be tough on yourself.) Then constantly work at improving three ratios--acres per cow, cows per person and fed feed vs. grazed feed. These ratios have tremendous economic leverage. Often these ratios can be improved with simple changes in structure, organization or procedure with little additional cost. 13. Calve in sync with nature or know, economically, why you don’t. Learn what “in sync with nature” is for your location and the consequences for departing from that. This is a lesson that continues to come home to me. When I get very far out of the optimum time, I pay a price. 14. Be a life-long learner. A ranch is a place where knowledge from many disciplines converges. Scientists and ranchers keep learning and advancing. For us to be competitive and good, we must learn. I have two university degrees and most of my education has come since acquiring those degrees—and I had good grades. 15. Become a good observer of everything around you—land, soil, pasture conditions, livestock, wildlife, birds, insects, people, the interactions of all these and their response to changes in climate. Then take notes of what you have observed. Our memories aren’t good enough. LT This article was reprinted with permission from the BEEF Magazine.