The Roaring 20's:
Societal changes
The
Great
Migration
By the end of 1919, there were about 1 million African Americans left in the South. Due to poor economic times and segregation laws, many traveled by train, boat, bus and even horse-drawn carriages to the northern cities. This caused large black population growth in cities. For example, New York grew 66% and Chicago grew 148%. These new city citizens found jobs in factories, foundaries, and slaughter houses.
As a result of the increase of people, competition for jobs and housing increased. This caused tension and many African Americans created their own "cities" within the bigger cities. One such urban city is Harlem.
Another result was the increase of racial violence. In 1919, some of the worst riots took place. For example, in Chicago during the month of July a riot lasted for 13 days. It ended with 38 people dead, 537 injured, and 1,000 black families homeless.
Despite the tension, African Americans impacted American culture during the 20's. This time became known as the Harlem Renaissance. Many important forms of African literature, music and art evolved. This movement also made a significant impact on the spread of Jazz throughout the north.
"The Great Migration" slowed in the 1930's due to the stock market crash and didn't officially end until the 1970s.
Table from: :Detriot and the Great Migration"