LESSONS LEARNED? | Page 6

What Hitler said about the Jews before he came to power LAURENCE REES, HISTORIAN Laurence Rees, a former Head of BBC TV History, has been making documentaries and writing books about the Nazis and the Second World War for many years. His award winning ‘Auschwitz: the Nazis and the Final Solution’ is the world’s best selling book on the history of the camp. Just what did Hitler think about the Jews when he was a young, struggling politician in the aftermath of the First World War, long before he came to power? It’s an important question to ask, especially in the light of recent political controversy about the Nazis and the Jews. I have been researching what Hitler wrote and spoke about the Jews during this period for my forthcoming history of the Holocaust, and what the young Hitler said at the time is revealing. The first irrefutable evidence we have of Hitler’s views is contained in a letter he wrote, dated 16 September 1919, to a fellow soldier called Adolf Gemlich. Hitler, then just thirty years old, stated unequivocally who he felt was responsible for the suffering of the whole German nation. “There is living amongst us,” wrote Hitler, “a non-German, foreign race, unwilling and unable to sacrifice its characteristics… and which nonetheless possesses all the political rights that we ourselves have.” Moreover, he said, “Everything which makes men strive for higher things” was for this ‘race’ just “a means to an end, to the satisfaction of a lust for money and domination.” The adversary Hitler had identified was the Jew. And Hitler wrote that the ‘final aim’ of any German government had to be “the uncompromising removal of the Jews altogether.” Over the next few months and years, Hitler preached his antisemitic beliefs at countless rallies and meetings of the National Socialist Workers’ Party (or Nazis for short). He said that “solving the Jewish question is the central question for National Socialists… we can only solve it by using brute force.” For Hitler, “The political emancipation of the Jews was the beginning of an attack of delirium.” That was because “full citizen rights and equality” had been given “to a people which was much more clearly and definitely a race apart than all others, that has always formed and will form a State within the State.” Hitler also attacked the Jews for bringing democracy to Germany – “Democracy is fundamentally not German: it is Jewish” – and repeated the traditional antisemitic fantasy that “the Jews are 6 – Lessons Learned? Reflections on antisemitism and the Holocaust Lessons Learned.indd 6 21/09/2016 16:23