APHL 2024 POSTER ABSTRACTS on the agar dilution testing ranges of these antibiotics ( https :// www . cdc . gov / std / gonorrhea / lab / agar . htm ): penicillin , tetracycline , spectinomycin , ceftriaxone , cefixime , ciprofloxacin , azithromycin and erythromycin . The following NG control isolates were selected for inclusion in regular AST testing : CDC-F18 ( ATCC 49226 ), CDC-F28 , P681E , CDC-10328 , CDC-10329 , SPJ-15 and SPL-4 . Among these , CDC-F18 ( ATCC 49226 ) is the CLSI-recommended quality control strain for N . gonorrhoeae AST and is a susceptible control which should be included in all AST .
Presenter : Myriam Belanger , bjf0 @ cdc . gov
A Retrospective View of NJDOH ’ s Inaugural Statewide Tick Surveillance Program
A . Preidel 1 , J . Occi 1 , D . Woell 2 , NJDOH Molecular Virolgoy 1 , New Jersey Public Health and Environmental Laboratories 2
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ), NJ has tallied ~ 10 % of the country ’ s case load of tickborne disease ( TBD ) cases for the last 30 years . In 2019 there were 48,494 cases of five different TBD recorded in the US by the CDC , while the NJ Department of Health ( NJDOH ) recorded 4,319 cases — again 10 % of the country ’ s burden of TBD . To address this public health problem , in 2021 , NJDOH began development on a pilot tick surveillance program with funding from the CDC . The objectives were to : ( 1 ) enlist the expertise of the NJ county mosquito control agencies for tick surveillance , ( 2 ) training additional staff to supplement tick collections throughout the state and ( 3 ) develop assays at the state health lab for testing ticks for various pathogens . In NJ there are five species of tick that have the potential to transmit pathogens that represent a major threat to public health . They are : the Lone Star tick ( Amblyomma americanum ), the newly discovered Gulf Coast tick ( Amblyomma maculatum ), the American dog tick ( Dermacentor variabilis ), the invasive Asian longhorned tick ( Heamaphysalis longicornis ) and the blacklegged tick ( Ixodes scapularis ). Each species of tick transmits different pathogens with 11 tickborne pathogens of interest targeted for statewide surveillance . The program went live in 2023 with participation from several NJ county mosquito commissions and targeted statewide collections , resulting in the processing of approximately 8,000 tick specimens . Here we offer a review of the programs first year focusing on the programs efficiency , surveillance capability and results . We discuss the programs initial objectives and the challenges in accomplishing those objectives . We also discuss the future of the program , new long-term objectives and how we plan to achieve them .
Presenter : Aaron Preidel , Aaron . Preidel @ doh . nj . gov
Analysis of Carbapenemase Genes and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Three Common Carbapenemresistant Enterobacterales Species
B . Ryan , A . Herrera , D . Barker , M . Udoye , R . Tuladhar , C . Wang , C . Schroeder , Texas Department of State Health Services
Summary : Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales ( CRE ) are characterized by resistance to at least one carbapenem antimicrobial . In Texas , the three main genes found in Carbapenemase-producing CRE ( CP-CRE ) are : Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase ( KPC ), New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase
( NDM ) and Oxacillinase-48 ( OXA-48 ). The most prevalent CP-CRE in Texas are Klebsiella pneumoniae ( N &# 3f505 ), Escherichia coli ( N &# 3f195 ) and Enterobacter cloacae complex (“ CX ”) ( N &# 3f187 ). Here , we present the gene frequency and the AST profiles of CP-CRE and non-CP CRE isolates from data gathered from 2021 to 2023 .
Results : K . pneumoniae was the most prevalent CP-CRE , with 78.6 % of isolates harboring at least one carbapenemase gene . For NDM positive K . pneumoniae , 97 % were resistant to doripenem , imipenem and meropenem compared with 23 %, 11 % and 43 % of non-CP K . pneumoniae , respectively . In contrast , a higher percentage of non-CP K . pneumoniae were resistant to doxycycline ( 79 %) and minocycline ( 60 %) when compared to NDM positive K . pneumoniae ( 33 % and 26 %, respectively ). In E . coli , 70.8 % of isolates were carbapenemase producers ( 65 % NDM , 21 % KPC and 14 % OXA-48 ). Here , 100 % of NDM E . coli isolates were resistant to doripenem , imipenem and meropenem , compared with 14 % of non-CP against doripenem and imipenem and 30 % for meropenem . However , only 68 % of OXA-48 positive E . coli isolates were ertapenem-resistant compared to 98 % of non-CP E . coli . Additionally , 35 % of non-CP E . coli were resistant to gentamicin , compared to 28 % of KPC , 12 % of NDM and 0 % of OXA-48 E . coli . Lastly , 43 % of E . cloacae CX isolates harbored a carbapenemase gene ( 76 % KPC , 21 % NDM and 2.5 % OXA-48 ). 100 % of NDM E . cloacae CX isolates were resistant to doripenem , imipenem and meropenem , compared with 10 %, 12 % and 16 % of non-CP E . cloacae CX , respectively .
Conclusions : These data provide an important overview of the antimicrobial resistant genes and AST profiles of common CRE species prevalent in Texas . Understanding of prevalence helps to shape public health strategies for combating the threat of antimicrobial resistance .
Presenter : Brady Ryan , Brady . Ryan @ dshs . texas . gov
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike Protein Structure by Advanced Mass Spectrometry
L . Nyhoff , C . Haynes , J . Baudys , T . Keppel , S . Osman , J . Barr , D . Wang , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Background : SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 , resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic . While vaccination has greatly reduced the consequences of infection , SARS-CoV-2 continues to contribute to morbidity and mortality worldwide . A critical factor in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is mutation , resulting in immune escape and increased infectivity . The first detected mutation was a substitution of aspartic acid ( D ) to glycine ( G ) at position 614 of SARS-CoV-2 spike . This altered spike ’ s glycosylation profile and resulted in the loss of a salt bridge between D614 and lysine ( K ) at 854 , leading to increased structural flexibility . These changes increased spike affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ( ACE2 ), contributing to viral spread . D614G is present in all current variants of interest . Similar escape mutations are likely to lead to structural differences and a method to quickly assess structural changes in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein would be useful in predicting variants of interest . Hydrogen / deuterium exchange mass spectrometry ( HDX-MS ) is a method that measures deuterium uptake over time to identify conformational flexibility of proteins .
Methods : To assess the continued impact of the D614G mutation on current variants and to measure structural dynamics caused by a single amino acid change , we used binding assays and HDX-MS
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Fall 2024 LAB MATTERS 51 |