Journal on Policy and Complex Systems
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the brokerage opportunities in a network |
( Burt , 1997 , p . |
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355 ) |
11 defined by its function ... it is not a single entity but a variety of different entities having two characteristics in common : they all consist of some aspect of social structure , and they facilitate certain actions of individuals who are within the structure
12 in its basic understanding ... people ’ s access to resources in their networks
13 the ability of people to work together for common purposes in groups and organizations
14 the existence of a certain set of informal values or norms shared among members of a group that permit cooperation among them
15 an instantiated informal norm that promotes cooperation between two or more individuals . The norms that constitute social capital can range from a norm of reciprocity between two friends all the way up to complex and elaborately articulated doctrines like Christianity or Confucianism . They must be instantiated in an actual human relationship ... the norm of reciprocity exists in potential in my dealings with all people , but it is actualized only in my dealings with my friends
16 a culture of trust and tolerance in which extensive networks of voluntary association emerge
17 These [ neighborhood ] networks are a city ’ s irreplaceable social capital . When capital is lost , from whatever cause , the income from it disappears , never to return unless new capital is slowly and chancily accumulated .
18 the network of associations , activities , or relations that bind people together as a community via certain norms and psychological capacities , notably trust , which are essential for civil society and productive for future collective action or goods in the manner of other forms of capital
19 the process by which social actors create and mobilize their network connections within and between organizations to gain access to other social actors ’ resources
148
( Coleman , 1994 , p . 302 )
( Finsveen & van Oorschot , 2008 , p . 295 )
( Fukuyama , 1996 , p . 10 )
( Fukuyama , 1997 )
( Fukuyama , 2002 , p . 1 )
( Inglehart , 1997 , p . 188 )
( Jacobs , 1959 , p . 180 )
( Farr , 2004 , p . 9 )
( Knoke , 1999 , p . 18 )
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investment in social relationships with expected returns |
( Lin , Cook , |
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& Burt , 2001 , |
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p . 6 ) |
21 resources embedded in a social structure which are accessed and / or mobilized in purposive actions
( Lin et al ., 2001 , p . 32 )