B. J. Lee et al.
7. Zhuo Q, Yang W, Chen J, Wang Y. Metabolic syndrome meets
osteoarthritis. Nature Rev Rheumatol 2012; 8: 729–737.
8. Visser AW, Ioan-Facsinay A, de Mutsert R, Widya RL, Loef
M, de Roos A, et al. Adiposity and hand osteoarthritis: the
Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study. Arthritis Res
Ther 2014; 16: R19.
9. Williams MF, London DA, Husni EM, Navaneethan S, Kas-
hyap SR. Type 2 diabetes and osteoarthritis: a systematic
review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Complications 2016;
30: 944–950.
10. Frey N, Hugle T, Jick SS, Meier CR, Spoendlin J. Type II
diabetes mellitus and incident osteoarthritis of the hand:
a population-based case-control analysis. Osteoarthritis
Cartilage 2016; 24: 1535–1540.
11. Nielen JT, Emans PJ, Dagnelie PC, Boonen A, Lalmohamed
A, de Boer A, et al. Severity of diabetes mellitus and total
hip or knee replacement: a population-based case-control
study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95: e3739.
12. Le Clanche S, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Sari-Ali E, Rannou
F, Borderie D. Inter-relations between osteoarthritis and
metabolic syndrome: a common link? Biochimie 2016;
121: 238–252.
13. Kluzek S, Newton JL, Arden NK. Is osteoarthritis a meta-
bolic disorder? Br Med Bull 2015; 115: 111–121.
14. Expert Panel on Detection E. Executive Summary of The
Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Pro-
gram (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and
treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treat-
ment Panel III). JAMA 2001; 285: 2486–2497.
15. Han CD, Yang IH, Lee WS, Park YJ, Park KK. Correlation
between metabolic syndrome and knee osteoarthritis: data
from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examina-
tion Survey (KNHANES). BMC Publ Health 2013; 13: 603.
16. Lee SY, Park HS, Kim DJ, Han JH, Kim SM, Cho GJ, et al.
Appropriate waist circumference cutoff points for central
obesity in Korean adults. Diabetes Res Clinical Pract 2007;
75: 72–80.
17. Genuth S, Alberti KG, Bennett P, Buse J, Defronzo R, Kahn
R, et al. Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes
mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 3160–3167.
18. Park HM, Kim HJ, Lee B, Kwon M, Jung SM, Lee SW, et al.
470
www.medicaljournals.se/jrm
Decreased muscle mass is independently associated with
knee pain in female patients with radiographically mild
osteoarthritis: a nationwide cross-sectional study (KNHA-
NES 2010–2011). Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37: 1333–1340.
19. Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M, Bauman AE, Booth
ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity
questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci
Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 1381–1395.
20. Engstrom G, Gerhardsson de Verdier M, Rollof J, Nilsson
PM, Lohmander LS. C-reactive protein, metabolic syn-
drome and incidence of severe hip and knee osteoarthritis.
A population-based cohort study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage
2009; 17: 168–173.
21. Blagojevic M, Jinks C, Jeffery A, Jordan KP. Risk factors
for onset of osteoarthritis of the knee in older adults: a
systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Car-
tilage 2010; 18: 24–33.
22. Yusuf E, Nelissen RG, Ioan-Facsinay A, Stojanovic-Susulic
V, DeGroot J, van Osch G, et al. Association between weight
or body mass index and hand osteoarthritis: a systematic
review. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69: 761–165.
23. Yoshimura N, Muraki S, Oka H, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura
K, Akune T. Association of knee osteoarthritis with the ac-
cumulation of metabolic risk factors such as overweight,
hypertension, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tole-
rance in Japanese men and women: the ROAD study. J
Rheumatol 2011; 38: 921–930.
24. O’Connor MI. Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex
and gender differences. Orthop Clin North Am 2006; 37:
559–568.
25. Courties A, Gualillo O, Berenbaum F, Sellam J. Metabolic
stress-induced joint inflammation and osteoarthritis. Os-
teoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23: 1955–1965.
26. Zhang YM, Wang J, Liu XG. Association between hyper-
tension and risk of knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis
of observational studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:
e7584.
27. Yoshimura N, Muraki S, Nakamura K, Tanaka S. Epidemio-
logy of the locomotive syndrome: The research on osteo-
arthritis/osteoporosis against disability study 2005–2015.
Mod Rheumatol 2017; 27: 1–7.