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J Rehabil Med 2019; 51: 879–882 Cochrane Corner rehabilitation.cochrane.org FOLLOW-UP SERVICES FOR IMPROVING LONG-TERM OUTCOMES IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) SURVIVORS – A COCHRANE REVIEW SUMMARY WITH COMMENTARY Carlotte KIEKENS, MD 1,2 From the 1 University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine and 2 KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Belgium The aim of this commentary is to discuss in a rehabi- litation perspective the published Cochrane Review “Follow-up services for improving long-term outco- mes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors” known collectively as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS by Schofield-Robinson et al. (1), under the direct supervision of the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group. This Cochrane Corner is produced in agreement with the Journal of Rehabili- tation Medicine by Cochrane Rehabilitation 1 . Key word: critical illness; intensive care units; rehabilitation; systematic review; post-intensive care syndrome J Rehabil Med 2019; 51: 879–882 Correspondence address: Carlotte Kiekens, MD, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine and KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Development and Rege- neration, Belgium. E-mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND The number of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) survivors is increasing due to the ageing population and decreasing mortality for critical illness (2, 3). However, patients may present long lasting physical, cognitive and mental health impairments, leading to a decreased quality of life, return to work and life expectancy. These problems, including ICU- acquired weakness due to critical illness, neuro- and/or myopathy, have been described as the “Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS)”(2, 4). A systematic review performed by Ohtake et al. showed that during the first year following critical illness, individuals with PICS experienced physical This summary is based on a Cochrane Review previously published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 11, Art. No.: CD012701, DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012701.pub4 (see www. cochranelibrary.com for information). Cochrane Reviews are regularly updated as new evidence emerges and in response to feedback, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews should be consulted for the most recent version of the review. The views expressed in the summary with commentary are those of the Cochrane Corner author(s) and do not represent the Cochrane Library or Wiley. 1 impairments in all three domains of the International Clas- sification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF): body functions and structures, activity limitations and partici- pation restrictions (5). Evidence on the effectiveness of interventions, to prevent or treat PICS, whether preformed during the ICU stay or after discharge are of growing im- portance. A Cochrane review has been published recently on “Follow-up services for improving long-term outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors” (1). FOLLOW-UP SERVICES FOR IMPROVING LONG-TERM OUTCOMES IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) SURVIVORS (Oliver J Schofield-Robinson, Sharon R Lewis, Andrew F Smith, Joanne McPeake, Phil Alderson 2018) WHAT IS THE AIM OF THIS COCHRANE REVIEW? The main aim of this Cochrane Review was to evaluate the effectiveness of follow-up services for ICU survivors that aim to identify and address unmet health needs related to the ICU period. WHAT WAS STUDIED IN THE COCHRANE REVIEW? The population addressed in this review were adult pa- tients, who had been discharged from hospital following an ICU stay. The primary objective was to assess the ef- fectiveness of follow-up services for ICU survivors that aim to identify and address unmet health needs related to the ICU period using the following outcomes: health- related quality of life (HRQoL), mortality, depression and anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), physical function, cognitive function, ability to return to work or education and adverse effects. The secondary objectives were to examine different models of follow-up services by exploring: the effectiveness of service organisation This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license. www.medicaljournals.se/jrm Journal Compilation © 2019 Foundation of Rehabilitation Information. ISSN 1650-1977 doi: 10.2340/16501977-2626