Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 51-11 | Page 46

860
N. Cichon et al.
4. Sochocka M, Diniz BS, Leszek J. Inflammatory response in
the CNS: friend or foe? Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54: 8071–8089.
5. Stamou M, Grodzki AC, van Oostrum M, Wollscheid B, Lein
PJ. Fc gamma receptors are expressed in the developing
rat brain and activate downstream signaling molecules
upon cross-linking with immune complex. J Neuroinflam-
mation 2018; 15: 7.
6. Kriz J. Inflammation in ischemic brain injury: timing is
important. Crit Rev Neurobiol 2006; 18: 145–157.
7. Li S. Spasticity, motor recovery, and neural plasticity after
stroke. Front Neurol 2017; 8: 120.
8. Cichoń N, Bijak M, Miller E, Saluk J. Extremely low frequency
electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) reduces oxidative stress and
improves functional and psychological status in ischemic
stroke patients. Bioelectromagnetics 2017; 38: 386–396.
9. Cichoń N, Czarny P, Bijak M, Miller E, Śliwiński T, Szemraj
J, et al. Benign Effect of extremely low-frequency electro-
magnetic field on brain plasticity assessed by nitric oxide
metabolism during poststroke rehabilitation. Oxid Med Cell
Longev 2017; 2017: 2181942.
10. Ongaro A, Varani K, Masieri FF, Pellati A, Massari L, Cadossi
R, et al. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and adenosine re-
ceptors modulate prostaglandin E(2) and cytokine release
in human osteoarthritic synovial fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol
2012; 227: 2461–2469.
11. Murabayashi S. Application of magnetic field for biologi-
cal response modification. Biomed Mater Eng 2013; 23:
117–128.
12. Vila N, Castillo J, Dávalos A, Chamorro A. Proinflammatory
cytokines and early neurological worsening in ischemic
stroke. Stroke 2000; 31: 2325–2329.
13. Cichon N, Bijak M, Synowiec E, Miller E, Sliwinski T, Saluk-
Bijak J. Modulation of antioxidant enzyme gene expression
by extremely low frequency electromagnetic field in post-
stroke patients. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2018; 78: 626–631.
14. Li L, Lundkvist A, Andersson D, Wilhelmsson U, Nagai N,
Pardo AC, et al. Protective role of reactive astrocytes in brain
ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2008; 28: 468–481.
15. Yong VW, Rivest S. Taking advantage of the systemic immu-
ne system to cure brain diseases. Neuron 2009; 64: 55–60.
16. Mosser DM. The many faces of macrophage activation. J
Leukoc Biol 2003; 73: 209–212.
17. Simon C, Götz M, Dimou L. Progenitors in the adult cerebral
cortex: cell cycle properties and regulation by physiological
stimuli and injury. Glia 2011; 59: 869–881.
18. Lupke M, Frahm J, Lantow M, Maercker C, Remondini
D, Bersani F, et al. Gene expression analysis of ELF-MF
exposed human monocytes indicating the involvement of
the alternative activation pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta
2006; 1763: 402–412.
19. Cossarizza A, Monti D, Bersani F, Cantini M, Cadossi R,
Sacchi A, et al. Extremely low frequency pulsed electro-
magnetic fields increase cell proliferation in lymphocytes
from young and aged subjects. Biochem Biophys Res
Commun 1989; 160: 692–698.
20. Pesce M, Patruno A, Speranza L, Reale M. Extremely low
frequency electromagnetic field and wound healing: impli-
cation of cytokines as biological mediators. Eur Cytokine
Netw 2013; 24: 1–10.
21. Panagopoulos DJ, Karabarbounis A, Margaritis LH. Mecha-
nism for action of electromagnetic fields on cells. Biochem
Biophys Res Commun 2002; 298: 95–102.
22. Walleczek J, Liburdy RP. Nonthermal 60 Hz sinusoidal
magnetic-field exposure enhances 45Ca2+ uptake in rat
thymocytes: dependence on mitogen activation. FEBS Lett
1990; 271: 157–160.
23. Lindström E, Lindström P, Berglund A, Lundgren E, Mild
KH. Intracellular calcium oscillations in a T-cell line after
exposure to extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields with
variable frequencies and flux densities. Bioelectromagne-
tics 1995; 16: 41–47.
24. McCreary CR, Dixon SJ, Fraher LJ, Carson JJ, Prato FS.
www.medicaljournals.se/jrm
Real-time measurement of cytosolic free calcium concen-
tration in Jurkat cells during ELF magnetic field exposure
and evaluation of the role of cell cycle. Bioelectromagnetics
2006; 27: 354–364.
25. Osera C, Fassina L, Amadio M, Venturini L, Buoso E, Mage-
nes G, et al. Cytoprotective response induced by electro-
magnetic stimulation on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma
cell line. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17: 2573–2582.
26. Piacentini R, Ripoli C, Mezzogori D, Azzena GB, Grassi C.
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields promote
in vitro neurogenesis via upregulation of Ca(v)1-channel
activity. J Cell Physiol 2008; 215: 129–139.
27. Carrasco MA, Hidalgo C. Calcium microdomains and gene
expression in neurons and skeletal muscle cells. Cell Cal-
cium 2006; 40: 575–583.
28. West AE, Chen WG, Dalva MB, Dolmetsch RE, Kornhauser
JM, Shaywitz AJ, et al. Calcium regulation of neuronal
gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:
11024–11031.
29. Pena-Philippides JC, Yang Y, Bragina O, Hagberg S, Nemoto
E, Roitbak T. Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF)
on infarct size and inflammation after cerebral ischemia in
mice. Transl Stroke Res 2014; 5: 491–500.
30. Capone F, Liberti M, Apollonio F, Camera F, Setti S, Ca-
dossi R, et al. An open-label, one-arm, dose-escalation
study to evaluate safety and tolerability of extremely low
frequency magnetic fields in acute ischemic stroke. Sci
Rep 2017; 7: 12145.
31. Ishida Y, Kondo T, Takayasu T, Iwakura Y, Mukaida N. The
essential involvement of cross-talk between IFN-gamma
and TGF-beta in the skin wound-healing process. J Im-
munol 2004; 172: 1848–1855.
32. Urnukhsaikhan E, Mishig-Ochir T, Kim SC, Park JK, Seo
YK. Neuroprotective effect of low frequency-pulsed
electromagnetic fields in ischemic stroke. Appl Biochem
Biotechnol 2017; 181: 1360–1371.
33. Seifert HA, Collier LA, Chapman CB, Benkovic SA, Willing
AE, Pennypacker KR. Pro-inflammatory interferon gamma
signaling is directly associated with stroke induced neurod-
egeneration. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2014; 9: 679–689.
34. Zhang G, Guo X, Chen L, Li B, Gu B, Wang H, et al.
Interferon-γ promotes neuronal repair by transplanted
neural stem cells in ischemic rats. Stem Cells Dev 2018;
27: 355–366.
35. Nayak AR, Kashyap RS, Kabra D, Purohit HJ, Taori GM,
Daginawala HF. Time course of inflammatory cytokines
in acute ischemic stroke patients and their relation to
inter-alfa trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 and outcome.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2012; 15: 181–185.
36. Setoguchi R, Hori S, Takahashi T, Sakaguchi S. Homeosta-
tic maintenance of natural Foxp3(+) CD25(+) CD4(+)
regulatory T cells by interleukin (IL)-2 and induction of
autoimmune disease by IL-2 neutralization. J Exp Med
2005; 201: 723–735.
37. Sulpizio M, Falone S, Amicarelli F, Marchisio M, Di Giuseppe
F, Eleuterio E, et al. Molecular basis underlying the biolo-
gical effects elicited by extremely low-frequency magnetic
field (ELF-MF) on neuroblastoma cells. J Cell Biochem
2011; 112: 3797–3806.
38. Rasouli J, Lekhraj R, White NM, Flamm ES, Pilla AA, Strauch
B, et al. Attenuation of interleukin-1beta by pulsed elec-
tromagnetic fields after traumatic brain injury. Neurosci
Lett 2012; 519: 4–8.
39. Li Y, Yan X, Liu J, Li L, Hu X, Sun H, et al. Pulsed electromag-
netic field enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor ex-
pression through L-type voltage-gated calcium channel- and
Erk-dependent signaling pathways in neonatal rat dorsal
root ganglion neurons. Neurochem Int 2014; 75: 96–104.
40. Sun ZC, Ge JL, Guo B, Guo J, Hao M, Wu YC, et al. Extre-
mely low frequency electromagnetic fields facilitate vesicle
endocytosis by increasing presynaptic calcium channel
expression at a central synapse. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 21774.