that dirt from the machines could have transmitted to the swatches . The best chemiluminescence detection was found in the polyester material .
With regards to effective cleaning , experiment 1 and preliminary had the worst cleaning result as they were only washed once . This suggests that even at 60 degrees , some stains remained . Both the non-biological and biological laundry capsules can remove bloodstains , but biological capsules did a better job as the intensity across the preliminary and experimental conditions were less for these capsules . The use of pixels in this study helped with providing a quantitative analysis of chemiluminescent . Initial analysis of interpreting luminol emission involved providing qualitative statements using a verbal scale of 0 to 5 where 0 is no chemiluminescence and 5 being intense . However , this was abandoned in favour of software investigations . Studies by Tobe , Watson and Daéid ( 2007 ) and Cassidy et al ( 2017 ), used statistical testing or computer software to analyse their results . Since DNA profile was not gathered in this project , statistical analyses were not undertaken , and instead the software package COREL Photo Paint was used . It provided useful information on the number of pixels available in the photographs in the form of exposure histograms . Better analysis would have involved cropping the pictures to show the reaction area but this wasn ’ t fruitful due to low or no visibility of the samples in the controls . Future Research
Conclusion
The aims of this project have been met successfully . The project showed that luminol is indeed a sensitive solution and can detected latent bloodstains on swatches that have been washed up to three times and using two different laundry detergents . The results of this project also indicated that elimination of blood in fabrics proved to be a difficult task as chemiluminescence was detected even after three washes . This suggests that the fibres used in the swatches are strong as it proved difficult to get rid of the blood even after multiple washes . The use of pixels gathered from photographic evidence is a novel way of quantifying chemiluminescence intensity and helps with understanding the sensitivity of luminol . Further studies should ponder upon the integration of pixels in quantifying chemiluminescence to improve up the reliability of this technique . References Adair , T . W . and Shaw , R . L ., 2005 . Enhancement of bloodstains on washed clothing using luminol and LCV reagents . IABPA News , [ online ] 21 ( 4 ), pp . 4-10 . Available at : < https :// www . iabpa . org / uploads / files / iabpa % 20publications / December % 202005 % 20News . pdf > [ Accessed 02 January 2020 ]. Bell , S ., 2014 . Forensic chemistry . 2nd ed . Harlow : Pearson .
Brenzini , V . and Pathak , R ., 2018 . A comparison study of the detection of bloodstains on painted and cleaned surfaces with luminol . Forensic science international , [ e-journal ] 289 , pp . 75-82 . https :// doi . org / 10.1016 / j . forsciint . 2018.04.043 14