JADE Student Edition 2019 JADE JSLUG 2019 | Page 42

Article #6 How do we currently understand and treat maths anxiety and how can it be improved? How do we currently understand and treat maths anxiety and how can it be improved? Abstract Maths anxiety is the feeling of anxiety that one cannot perform efficiently in situations that involve mathematics and can lead to sever difficulties in later life, such as dealing with household bills and many jobs requiring some amount of maths daily. Most research covering the topic covers the development of maths anxiety by rote learning in the early stages of mathematical development, leading to a gap in essential mathematical knowledge in later years. This paper shall also cover some current methods of treating maths anxiety and theorise new avenues to be explored, specifically a more targeted method than other approaches. Author: Luke Lakshman Glyndwr Clarke Jones Keywords: maths anxiety, rote memorisation, knowledge chasms, confidence Maths anxiety is the feeling of anxiety that one cannot perform efficiently in situations that involve the use of numerical calculations. The DSM5 (Diagnostic Statistical Manual, 5) considers maths anxiety to be a specific phobia (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) as it constitutes a marked fear or anxiety about the specific object or situation: mathematics. The alternate psychiatric guide, the ICD-10, considers maths anxiety to be a generalised anxiety disorder (World Health Organisation, 2004) with symptoms such as apprehension, motor tension and autonomic over activity (light-headedness). A similar condition to maths anxiety is dyscalculia, which is a selective and innate inability to acquire or learn arithmetic (Reed and Warner-Rogers, 2009). These conditions present in a similar way, despite having very different causes as dyscalculia is currently understood to be caused by a difference in brain structure or function concerning the areas of the brain associated with mathematics (Wilson, 2007). This could lead to early failure at maths, and subsequent maths anxiety, or due to the comorbidity (when multiple psychological conditions occur together frequently) with maths anxiety, leading to a misdiagnosis. Because, in the United Kingdom, a diagnosis of dyscalculia allows students extra time in exams whereas maths anxiety does not, it is practical for those with maths anxiety to receive an incorrect diagnosis for the advantages of reducing test anxiety when faced with a maths exam. 42