Discussion
COPING STRATEGIES
The association between religious and ethnic affiliation and CA on emotional experience is discussed above . However , these variables are similarly hypothesized to have an association with coping . Cultural attachment had a significant association with positive coping at TP1 and TP2 , and a significant effect on negative coping at TP1 , TP2 , and TP3 . However , it only had a significant interaction effect with time for positive coping . No significant effect was found with ethnic background and religious affiliation ( Figure 5 ). The effect of cultural attachment on positive coping ( F = 6.70 , p < 0.005 ; 95 % CI ), while no significant effect of ethnic background ( Amhara , Oromo , & Others ) or religious affiliations ( Christian Vs Muslim ) on coping strategies .
Figure 5 : Independent pairwise comparisons among the estimated marginal means showed a significant effect of cultural attachment on positive coping ( F = 6.70 , p < 0.005 ), ( upper raw ), while no significant effect of ethnic background ( Amhara , Oromo , & Others ) or religious affiliations ( Christian Vs Muslim ) on coping strategies .
Discussion
Despite different methodologies and some variations in the findings , there has generally been an observable trend that first-year medical students have a variety of positive and negative emotional reactions to dissection . This study adds findings related to the association of ethnic background , religious affiliations , and cultural attachment with emotional experience and coping strategies in the anatomy dissection room . Although multiple studies examine the emotional experiences of medical students during cadaver dissection ( Dempster et al ., 2006 ; Evans and Fitzgibbon , 1992 ; Hancock et al ., 2004 ; Hartmann et al ., 2022 ; Horne et al ., 1990 ; Houwink . et al ., 2004 ), this appears to be the first to examine cultural attachment in the context of emotional experience and coping .
The data show an overall decrease in negative emotions over time , and conversely an increase in positive emotions . Religious affiliation and cultural attachment affected slightly the rate of change of some emotions over time , however , only