ITEE ITEE-1 | Page 65

3 Examples of IT standardization The following are examples of standardization in IT. Reference Barcode A “barcode” is an identifier that uses bars and spaces of varying widths to represent numbers and characters. A barcode is a one-dimensional code in which data is only read in a horizontal direction. Reference JAN (Japan Article Number) code Abbreviation for “Japan Article Number” code. There is a standard 13-digit version and a shortened 8-digit version. Reference QR (Quick Response) code Abbreviation for “Quick Response code.” ●JAN (Japan Article Numbering) code The “JAN (Japan Article Numbering) code” is a JIS standard barcode comprising 13 digits. From left to right, the JAN code comprises a 2-digit country code, 5-digit manufacturer code, 5-digit product code, and single digit check code. JAN code is commonly used today at the cash registers of retail stores such as supermarkets and convenience stores, and is printed on all kinds of product packages. The JAN code is simply passed over a barcode reader to input the product name and price at the cash register. Below the barcode is a numbered code. If the barcode cannot be read, the numbered code can be manually entered using a keyboard. Sample of JAN code ●QR (Quick Response) code A “QR (Quick Response) code” is a JIS standard two-dimensional code. While a barcode can only read information in the horizontal direction, the QR code contains information in both the horizontal and vertical directions, enabling the code to hold more information than a barcode. A QR code is also referred to as a “two-dimensional barcode symbology.” The QR code contains a cutout symbol on three corners to enable quick and accurate reading in any 360 degree direction. Sample of QR code 59