ITEE ITEE-1 | Page 33

●ABC analysis An “ABC analysis” is a method for clarifying the importance or priority of multiple elements (products, etc). This is useful in numerous aspects of business administration, including sales strategy and management, inventory control, etc. It uses the Pareto chart, with elements arranged in decreasing order of priority, and divided into three categories: A, B, C. In general, the top 70% group is group A, the 70–90% group is group B, and the remainder is group C. For example, in the example chart, personal computers and air conditioners combined make up 70% of sales, so those two products compose Group A, suggesting that product management should give greater weight to them. Unit sales Total units sold=130 100% 120 90% 80% 100 70% A (Important) 70% 80 60% 50% 60 40% 40 30% 20% 20 10% 0 0% Personal Air Telephone Refrigerator Washing Television computer conditioner machine Group A Group B Group C Personal computer Telephone Refrigerator Air conditioner Television Washing machine Reference Critical path A “critical path” in schedule planning, is the path down the middle of the schedule that takes the greatest number of days. Because any critical-path activity falling behind will cause the entire schedule to fall behind as well, those activities demand special management attention. ●Arrow diagram An “arrow diagram” is a method for preparing better activity plans. It organizes the sequential relationships between tasks and the days required indicated by arrows. It is also used as a PERT chart. For example, the diagram here shows that task E can begin once both tasks C and D are complete. 3 Task B Reference PERT Abbreviation for “Program Evaluation and Review Technique.” 27 Task D 3 days 4 days 1 Task A 5 days 2 Task C 5 days 4 Task E 2 days 5