ITEE ITEE-1 | Page 301

The typical types of biometric authentication in practice are summarized below. Reference Feature extraction “Feature extraction” is a method of extracting the features of a fingerprint pattern such as where a ridge terminates or splits in order to compare fingerprints. ●Fingerprint authentication Fingerprint authentication is the most prevalent form of biometric authentication and is used in laptop computers and mobile phones due to the small size and comparatively low price of the authentication devices. Methods of fingerprint authentication include feature extraction, which involves extracting and matching features from fingertip patterns, and pattern matching, which provides matching by superimposing images of fingerprint patterns. Feature extraction Pattern matching ●Vein authentication Vein authentication is a method for matching vein patterns, utilizing the property of blood flowing in veins to absorb near-infrared light. Matching is performed using finger and palm vein patterns. Palm vein authentication delivers higher accuracy than finger vein authentication, as there are many thick veins in the palm. Vein authentication is used in a wide range of fields such as bank ATMs since there is less psychological resistance to using the technology. Vein patterns are invisible to the eye and there is not as much of an association with crime investigation. Contactless sensor devices have been developed for improved hygiene. Near-infrared Sensor device 295