Reference
LAN analyzer
A “LAN analyzer” is a piece of software
or hardware that monitors the packets
(data) that are carried over a LAN, and
analyzes the traffic (volume of data).
10BASE 2
Lightweight coaxial cable
Terminator
LAN board
LAN board
LAN board
Hub
10BASE-T
Twisted
pair cable
LAN board
LAN board
●Relay device
Various types of relay devices are used to expand a network.
The main types of relay devices are summarized below.
Device
Repeater
A device that amplifies an electrical signal carried over a cable to
extend the transmission distance. Connects the first layer (physical
layer) in the OSI model.
Bridge (bus)
A device that connects multiple LANs. The bridge remembers the
MAC address for the LAN board in each computer, and can be
configured to reduce traffic (data over the network) by not carrying
data that is unnecessary to the LAN and unrelated to communications. Connects the second layer (data link layer) in the OSI model.
Switching hub
(star)
A hub that provides functions for transferring packets only to LAN
ports that have a destination MAC address. To provide this function, the switching hub has the ability learn the MAC address for
each LAN port. Unlike a repeater hub, there are no limitations on
the number of intermediary hubs that can be used.
Reference
MAC address
A “MAC address” is a 48-bit number
that is assigned to a LAN board at the
time of manufacturing. MAC address is
assigned in order to identify each computer within the LAN.
Reference
Default gateway
A “default gateway” is a piece of equipment such as a computer or router that
is used when accessing a computer located outside the network. The equipment acts as a gateway to enable communications.
Reference
OSI
Refer to “Chapter 9-4-2 Communications protocols.”
265
Characteristics