8-3-2 File management
3 Types of OSes
Several types of OSes used on personal computers are summarized below.
Type of OS MS-DOS
Windows 98 / Me / NT / 2000 / XP / Vista
Description
A single-tasking OS developed by Microsoft that runs on 16-bit CPUs in PC / AT-compatible computers. Employs a CUI( Character User Interface) operating environment.
A multitasking OS developed Microsoft that runs on 32-bit CPUs in PC / AT-compatible computers. Employs a GUI( Graphical User Interface).
MacOS An OS developed for the Macintosh line of computers by Apple. First OS to achieve a GUI operating environment for personal computers.
UNIX
A multitasking OS developed by Bell Labs of AT & T. A CUI operating environment is standard, but a GUI operating environment is also available by installing the X Window human interface. Offers multitasking, multiple users( operating at the same time), and excellent network functionality.
Linux
An OS compatible with UNIX, developed from the ground up for use on PC / AT-compatible computers. Published as OSS( Open Source Software), which allows anyone to freely modify or redistribute the software, provided that they observe certain rules. In the strictest sense, Linux refers to the kernel of the OS. Linux is usually distributed in the form of“ distributions” that packages the kernel with application software.
Reference
CUI A“ CUI” is an environment for operating a computer by inputting instructions called“ commands” via a keyboard. Abbreviation for“ Character User Interface.”
Reference
GUI A“ GUI” is a visual environment for operating a computer via a mouse or other input device by clicking on a section of graphics called an“ icon.” Abbreviation for“ Graphical User Interface.” Refer to“ Chapter 9-1-1 Human interface technology.”
Referencev
OSS( Open Source Software) Refer to“ Chapter 8-3-4 OSS( Open Source Software).”
Chapter 8 Computer system
8-3-2 File management
When managing files, data must be adequately maintained and protected in preparation for the following situations.
• As the number of fi les increases, there is a tendency to forget where data is stored, and the disk can run out of available space.
• Necessary data is accidentally deleted.
• Server data is accidentally overwritten or intentionally falsifi ed. Etc.
Reference
Interaction between different OSes Each OS has its own rules regarding files, folders, and file names. In some cases, this may result in files that do not display properly or other issues.
1 Directory management
“ Directory management” is the process of managing files using a hierarchy structure in order to facilitate file searching. Within the hierarchy, the uppermost directory is called the“ root directory,” while the directory below is called a“ sub-directory.”
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