ITEE ITEE-1 | Page 213

Reference Network printer A “network printer” is a printer with builtin print server functions. Laser printers widely used in corporations are a type of network printer. Clients can use a network printer simply by connecting the printer to a hub. However, a printer driver must be installed for each client. Reference (2)Types of servers In a client/server system, servers can be categorized according to their role. The types of servers are summarized below. Type of sever Description File server A server that collectively manages files. Clients can share files on the file server for effective use of information. Print server A server that manages and controls a printer. Clients temporarily save print data to the hard disk of the printer server (spooling), and after it is registered to a printing queue, the data is printed in sequence. Database server A server with a DBMS (Database Management System). It can produce an environment similar to one in which all clients are directly connected to the database. According to the requests of the client, the database server performs processing such as searching, tabulating, and sorting large amounts of data, and returns only the results to the client. Database management system Refer to “Chapter 9-3-1 Database architecture.” (3)Three-layer architecture A “three-layer architecture” is a system that divides the applications of a client/server system into three modules. In a three-layer architecture, data is processed on the server side to limit the amount of data transferred between the client and server. Dividing the applications into three modules also makes it easier to change the specifications. A conventional and typical client/server system is called a “two-layer architecture.” Hierarchy of three-layer architecture 207 First layer Presentation layer Human interface level Second layer Application layer (Function layer) Data processing level Third layer Data layer Database access level