ITEE ITEE-1 | Page 121

4-1 System development technology 4-1-1 Process of system development Reference Service contract A “service contract” is a contract that is formed when the party placing the order presents terms to the contractor regarding what they want to be delivered and when, as well as the remuneration for the finished product, and the contractor accepts those terms. Systems used in business operations are expected to perform the necessary functions properly, but must also be easy for the user (system user department) to utilize. It is important for the department developing a system to survey/analyze requirements in cooperation with the various departments that will use the system, and reflect the results into the system under development. System development does not necessarily have to be carried out internally, and may also be outsourced to a company that specializes in system development. A “service contract” is a typical method for forming an agreement when system development is outsourced to another company. The general procedure for developing a system is as shown below. Requirements definition Determine the functions required of the system. System design Design the system based on the requirements definition. Development (Programming) Develop the system based on the design details. Testing Check that the designed/developed system operates properly. System acceptance Verify that the designed system operates according to the requirements. System operation/ maintenance Resolve any issues the user (system user department) encounters during system operation. Reference Need for review For each system development process, a “review” must be conducted. Reviews check/confirm that there are no bugs (errors) in the system or design, and serve the purpose of improving quality by finding any potential bugs and rectifying them. Reviews may be conducted by the individual developer, a small project team, or by all those concerned. Although it is effective for the developer to conduct a review, it is beneficial for persons other than the developer to conduct a review as well. An outside perspective allows for an objective check, which makes it possible to catch bugs that go unnoticed by the developer. 115