One form of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria known as methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, causes a range of illnesses, from skin and
wound infections to pneumonia and bloodstream infections that can cause sepsis
and death.
19
Photo credit:National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
and PDR. These help to categorize
different antibiotics’ and determine
how they would be tested for each
relevant bacterium, how to define
resistance within an antimicrobial
category and be epidemiologically
meaningful. For example penicillin
using the antimicrobial agent ampicillin, the bacterium Citrobacter
koseri (C. koseri) which contributes
to initiate brain abscess’s
during
meningitis,
was found to be
resistant. It is
important to
subcategorise
and organise
the findings
of
these
results
to
e n s u r e
which strains
of resistance
are increasing
and eventually, how we will
prevent them. This
new way of categoriz-
tiative by the European Centre
for Disease Prevention and Control
(ECDC) and the centres for disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), to
create a standardized international
terminology with which to describe
acquired resistance profiles in
Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococus
spp, Enterobacteria (other than
salmonella and shigella), pseudomonas aeruginosa and
Acinetobacter spp.,
all bacteria often
responsible for
healthcareassociated
infections
and prone
to
multidrug resistance7”. The
result
of
this was creating three
different subcategories for
Antibiotics to be
placed: MDR, XDR,