Ispectrum Magazine Ispectrum Magazine #04 | Page 11

MEDITATION AS A NEURAL PROCESS DESIGNED TO UNLOCK THE INNATE POTENTIAL OF OUR BRAINS In the discussion above, we saw that meditation, through sustained attention, elicits a switch between left and righthemisphere activity. This switch is a crucial component of the process leading to the mystical state of awareness often experienced as a result of meditation. In order to understand the implications of this, it is important to first examine the functions of the two hemispheres. Our understanding of the different roles of the two hemispheres largely stems from split-brain surgeries performed in the 1960s in patients suffering from particularly severe epilepsy. By severing the connections between the two hemispheres, the two sides of the brain can be essentially isolated from each other. Following one of these surgeries, a split-brain patient was blindfolded and given a toothbrush to hold in their left hand. As the right hemisphere controls the left-hand side of the body, the toothbrush was sensed by the right hemisphere. The patient was there10 fore able to mime what a toothbrush would be used for (i.e. they understood the toothbrush’s purpose); however, they were unable to name the object. Both the term “toothbrush” and the ability to vocalise this term lie within the left hemisphere. Observations in these split-brain patients prompted the neuroscientists, Jerre Levy and the now Nobel prize winning Roger Sperry, to suggest that the two hemispheres have inbuilt, qualitatively different, and mutually antagonist modes of cognitive processing [4].