ally mediated , genetic factors are also thought to play a role , and sun and heat can exacerbate existing melasma .
While hyperpigmentation of all types can occur at any age , as we get older , we see an increase in pigmentation . With increased age , there is a decrease in the number of melanocytes , though those that remain increase in size . The hyperpigmentation can become more focused and appear to worsen as the skin ages .
Treating Hyperpigmentation
It should come as no surprise that the best treatment for hyperpigmentation is prevention . All pigment , even a tan , is a form of injury to the skin . With sun exposure being the most common cause of hyperpigmentation , the first line of treatment is to block the harsh UV rays of the sun .
A broad-spectrum sunblock that blocks UVA and UVB rays with a minimum of SPF 30 not only needs to be applied daily , but reapplied multiple times throughout the day . For most people , the easiest way to accomplish this is to apply a cream-based SPF in the morning and re-apply using a powder SPF throughout the day , especially if wearing makeup .
SPF not only prevents hyperpigmentation but also helps improve how fast it resolves . In addition to causing new hyperpigmentation , sun exposure can worsen existing pigment from any cause . Using an SPF 30 + will reduce the risk of worsening hyperpigmentation .
Hormones , especially in women , can lead to hyperpigmentation , the most common of which is melasma .
Once hyperpigmentation has taken reign on the skin , a combination of chemical peels , lasers , and pharmaceutical-grade skincare products offers the best options for treatment .
Chemical peels treat a wide range of pigment from sunspots to melasma to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation . While there are many different types of chemical peels , they all work through