• Energy Storage – ATP synthase is the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP , the main source of cellular energy .
• Intrinsic Antioxidants – In addition to glutathione , superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) is another antioxidant made within the human body . SOD is a frequent active included in iS Clinical products . SOD essentially never stops working and can renew itself . It quenches free radicals and stops their downstream damage , therefore helping prevent and refine the appearance of lines and wrinkles , hyperpigmentation , scarring , and inflammation . The enzymatic antioxidant SOD is a reliable workhorse .
Understanding the many requirements for different types of enzymes in the body , and especially the skin , adds value to advanced ingredient technology and high-performance products . As research in enzymology continues to expand , more advancements using enzymes in skincare and the health and wellness industry are anticipated .
3D illustration of the ATP synthesis in a mitochondrion .
Aesthetic professionals are accustomed to seeing protease enzymes , such as bromelain or papain , in skincare products . The sensation in the mouth experienced when eating pineapple is due to the enzymatic activity of bromelain on the oral mucosa . Papain is found in papaya , ficin in figs , and actinidin in banana , papaya , kiwi , and pineapple . Protease enzymes that dissolve proteins are also found in pumpkin and are featured in fall treatment menus offering pumpkin facials , masques , or enzyme peels . The smell and physical softening of aging jack-o-lanterns during fall is related to the fermentation process and protease enzyme release that catalyzes the breakdown of the pumpkins ’ tough protein-based exterior . The presence of enzymes in pumpkin seeds as a healthy snack may aid digestion .
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