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Internet Learning demic year), there could be timing affects that made the groups perform differently. Further research in this area utilizing more robust research designs is warranted in order to arrive at more conclusive results about the efficacy of the flipped classroom model. Conclusions Research on the flipped classroom is only beginning, and, while studies on equivalency with traditional instruction are needed, more research on how and when to effectively implement this teaching strategy is the logical next step in flipped-classroom research. While this research shows that a flipped classroom can increase student learning, it does not identify which specific factors within the flipped-classroom model lead to greater learning gains in students, and further research in this area can help clarify for educators how best to incorporate this approach in their own classroom. In the end, the findings of this research seem to indicate that the flipped-classroom approach may not be the panacea for science instruction many wish it to be, but rather one more tool for a skilled instructor to use in his/her efforts to support student learning. References Allen, I. E., Seaman, J., & Barrett, R. (2007). Blending in: The extent and promise of online education in the U.S. Babson Research Group. Retrieved from http:// sloanconsortium.org/sites/default/files/ pages/Blending_In.pdf Baran, E., Correia, A. P., & Thompson, A. (2011). Transforming online teaching practice: Critical analysis of the literature on the roles and competencies of online teachers. Distance Education, 32(3), 421– 439. doi:10.1080/01587919.2011.610293 Bergman, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class everyday. Washington, DC: ISTE. Diehl, C. A. (2013). Charles A. Wedemeyer: Visionary pioneer of distance education. In Michael Moore’s (ed.), Handbook of Distance Education (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge. Flipped Learning (2010). The flipped classroom. [YouTube video]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=2H4RkudFzlc Flipped Learning Network. (2012). Improve student learning and teacher satisfaction with one flip of the classroom. Retrieved from http://flippedlearning1.files. wordpress.com/2012/07/classroomwindowinfographic7-12.pdf 93 Ko, S., & Rossen, S. (2010). Teaching online: A practical guide (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge. Mangan, K. (2013 October 4). Inside the flipped classroom. Chronicle of Higher Education, 60(5), B18–B21.