peace efforts end up being ineffective and even counterproductive.
By contrast, programs that rely on different assumptions such as: Undesirable practices may help promote peace, peacebuilding efforts are not always necessary, and insiders have much of the required knowledge and capacity are much more effective at supporting local actors to build longterm, sustainable peace.
WE HOPE IN PEACE!
References
ADEBAJO, ADEKEYE. 2011. UN Peacekeeping in Africa: From the Suez Crisis to the Sudan Conflicts. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers. ANDERSON, MARY, DAYNA BROWN, AND ISABELLA JEAN. 2012. Time to Listen: Hearing People on the Receiving End of International Aid. Cambridge: CDA Collaborative Learning Project. ANDERSON, MARY, AND LARA OLSON. 2003. Confronting War: Critical Lessons for Peace Practitioners. Cambridge: Collaborative for Development Action. ANDERSON, MARY, AND MARSHALL WALLACE. 2013. Opting Out of War: Strategies to Prevent Violent Conflict. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers. ANDREAS, PETER. 2009.“ Symbiosis Between Peace Operations and Illicit Business in Bosnia.” International Peacekeeping 16( 1): 33 – 46. APTHORPE, RAYMOND. 2011.“ Who Is International Aid? Some Personal Observations.” In Inside the Everyday Lives of Development Workers: The Challenges and Futures of Aidland, edited by Anne-Meike Fechter and Heather Hindman, 193 – 210. Sterling, VA: Kumarian Press. AUTESSERRE, SE ´ VERINE. 2010. The Trouble with the Congo: Local Violence and the Failure of International Peacebuilding. New York: Cambridge University Press.———. 2012.“ Dangerous Tales: Dominant Narratives on the Congo and Their Unintended Consequences.” African Affairs 111( 443): 202 – 22.———. 2014a.“ Going Micro: Emerging and Future Peacebuilding Research.” International Peacekeeping 21( 4): 492 – 500.———. 2014b. Peaceland: Conflict Resolution and the Everyday Politics of International Intervention. New York: Cambridge University Press. BAKKE, KRISTIN. 2014.“ Help Wanted? The Mixed Record of Foreign Fighters in Domestic Insurgencies.” International Security 38( 4): 150 – 87. BARNETT, MICHAEL. 2006.“ Building a Republican Peace: Stabilizing States after War.” International Security 30( 4): 87 – 112.———. 2011. Empire of Humanity: A History of Humanitarianism. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. BARNETT, MICHAEL, AND MARTHA FINNEMORE. 2004. Rules for the World: International Organizations in Global Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. BEARDSLEY, KYLE. 2012.“ UN Intervention and the Duration of International Crises.” Journal of Peace Research 49( 2): 335 – 49. BERGER, PETER, AND THOMAS LUCKMANN. 1967. The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. BLATTMAN, CHRISTOPHER, AND LAURA RALSTON. 2015.“ Generating Employment in Poor and Fragile States: Evidence from Labor Market and Entrepreneurship Programs.” Working Paper, Harris School of Public Policy, University of Chicago and World Bank. Accessed January 2017. http:// dx. doi. org / 10.2139 / ssrn. 2622220.