The Role of Codes of Ethics and the Prevention of Conflicts of Interest in the Fight Against Corruption
Table 6 : The values of the ethical standards of number professionals that diverge between the public and private sectors
Themes Neutrality
Dignity
Assistance , courtesy , and fraternity
Communication
Source : Hervé Boullanger
Comments
Professionals working in the public sector must refrain from putting forward their political , philosophical , or religious convictions .
Professionals working in the public sector must refrain , even outside the service , from any action that would be detrimental to confidence in the institution .
Professionals in the private sector have to be careful of any act or disloyal words toward a fellow member or likely to tarnish the image of the profession . They endeavor to resolve their differences amicably .
For private sector professionals , communication actions with respect to third parties are supervised .
Table 7 : Ethical risks in the public procurement process Process steps Risks Level of risk
Technical specifications of the requirement
Selection of candidates
Execution of the contract
Data archiving
Source : Hervé Boullanger
Unnecessary need for the contract , imprecision or excessive criteria of the requirement , lack of transparency for the candidates , lack of effort in sourcing , disclosure of confidential information , hidden possibilities for further contract expansion
Weighting and ranking of criteria , bid scoring system , technically and legally unjustifiable choice , non-transparent negotiation phase , contractual arrangement unsuitable for the needs
Poor physical acceptance of the services , artificial inflation of the volume of work , poor quality , absence of sanctions or improper sanctions of the holder : penalties for delay and termination of the contract , non-compliant purchase orders , financial slippage in relation to the initial budget , etc .
Losses and missing data , poor traceability of exchanges with the provider
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