International Journal on Criminology
In January , the gas site at Amenas , Algeria was attacked by armed Islamists : thirty-seven hostages and twenty-nine jihadists were killed .
2012
Libyan Chaos ... Instability in the Sahel ... Malian crisis ... Drugs ( cannabis , cocaine ), firearms , migrants , smuggling , currency , and armed gangs circulate throughout the Sahel and the Saharan area in constant criminal flows , including the Libya-Mali corridor , passing through the Ben Gardane-Ras Jedir traffic hub .
2011
This was a terrible year for the Maghreb and the Sahel : in January , the regime of Ben Ali collapses in Tunis and in October ; that of Gaddafi in neighboring Libya does as well . Chaos sets in ; Libyan armed gangs settle on the Tunisian border . Previously , a tacit agreement with the regional authorities allowed trafficking in consumer goods and foreign currency , but prohibited the cross-border passage of weapons of war , narcotics , and jihadists . This was no longer the case .
2000
Following the globalization of the decade 1990 – 2000 , the Ben Gardane-Ras Jedir zone began its transnational expansion and began to import massively Asian products , via Hong Kong , Dubai , Istanbul , etc . Tripoli ( Libya ) became the port of Ben Gardane-Ras Jedir , because little or no taxes were paid there due to local corruption . Also , there was intense fuel traffic from Libya ( where it is very cheap ) to Tunisia .
1992 – 1999
During this time , there was a severe international embargo targeting Libya for acts of international terrorism . The embargo was circumvented — with intense windfall effect — by the traffic pole Ben Gardane-Ras Jedir ; hence there was vast traffic and smuggling between the two countries ( luxury goods , medicines , spare parts , etc .).
1985
In 1985 , there was a political crisis between Libya and Tunisia ; Tunisian workers were expelled from Libya , and there was intense trafficking , especially of currency and illegal immigrants , in Ben Gardane-Ras Jedir . Tunisian clandestine workers infiltrate Libya , and their earnings go in the opposite direction , after currency conversion .
Nineteenth to the Early Twentieth Century
Tunisia was colonized in 1881 and Libya was colonized in 1911 . This was a historic crossing point on the coastal pilgrimage route to Mecca and the associ-
70