International Journal on Criminology Volume 7, Number 2, Spring 2020 | Page 33

International Journal on Criminology
ISIS – West Africa Nigeria and Sahel Restructure
Jamaat-ul-Ahrar 84 Pakistan Fragmentation
Abu Sayyaf Group 85 Philippines Restructure
Ansar Al-Khilafa 86 Philippines Fragmentation
Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Philippines Fragmentation
Movement 87
ISIS – Philippines 88 Philippines Fragmentation, Restructure
Maute Group 89 Philippines Restructure
Islamic State in Somalia Somalia Fragmentation, 90 Restructure
Jaysh Khaled Bin al-Walid 91 Syria Dissolution and Merging
ISIS in Tunisia Tunisia Restructure
Jund al-Khilafah 92 Tunisia Restructuring
84 Jamaat-ul-Ahrar was established by militants who parted from Tehrik-i-Taliban in 2014. “Pakistani
Taliban Faction Split,” NDTV, https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/pakistan-taliban-faction-an
nounce-split-new-leader-659199.
85 Isnilon Hapilon, the leader of Abu Sayyaf, pledged allegiance to ISIS in 2017. See M. Ness,
“Beyond the Caliphate: Islamic State Activity Outside the Group’s Defined Wilayat: Southeast
Asia,” United States Military Academy, https://ctc.usma.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/
CTC-Southeast-Asia.pdf.
86 Ansar al-Khalifa is based in the Philippines and was established by former members of the
Abu Sayyaf Group. Ansar al-Khalifa pledged allegiance to ISIS. Rohan Gunaratna, “Islamic
State to Create Southeast Asian Satellite,” Benar News, https://www.benarnews.org/english/com
mentaries/asia-pacific-threat-update/southeast-satellite-01122016135306.html.
87 BIFM is the breakaway group from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) founded by Ameril
Umbra Kato. “Is BIFF the MLF’s BFF?” Today’s Paper, https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/669597/is-biffthe-milfs-bff.
When Kato passed away, the MILF split into three factions, and one of those factions
was BIFM. See C. Weiss, “Islamic State-loyal Groups Claim Attacks on Filipino Military,” Long War
Journal, https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/05/islamic-state-loyal-groups-claim-at
tacks-on-filipino-military.php
88 The jihadist groups in the Philippines, such as the Maute group, the Abu Sayyaf group, the
Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters, and the Ansar Khalifa, pledged allegiance to ISIS in
2014. The groups were not dissolved but restructured and declared loyalty to ISIS.
89 The former members of Moro Islamic Liberation Front established the Maute Group. The group
pledged allegiance to ISIS, as did other jihadist groups in the Philippines.
90 Abdul Qadir Mumin was assigned by al Shabab to the Puntland region, but Mumin formed his
own organization and pledged allegiance to ISIS, using the group’s name. Then Mumin restructured
the group with new recruits in the region. See J. Warner, “Sub-Saharan Africa’s Three ‘New’
Islamic State Affiliates,” CTCSENTINEL 10, no. 1 (January 2017): 28–32, https://web.archive.org/
web/20170430031255/https://www.ctc.usma.edu/v2/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/CTC-Sentinel_
Vol9Iss1119.pdf.
91 Jaysh Khaled Bin al-Walid was an umbrella organization formed by the merger of the Yarmouk
Martyrs Brigade, the Islamic Muthanna Movement, and the Army of Jihad. All of these
groups were affiliated with ISIS.
92 Jund al-Khilafah was formed by the former members of AQIM. These members broke their allegiance
with AQ and declared loyalty to ISIS. See L. Chikhi, “Splinter Group Breaks from al Qaeda in
North Africa,” Reuters, September 14, 2014, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-algeria-security/
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