International Journal on Criminology Volume 7, Number 1, Winter 2019/2020 | Page 59

International Journal on Criminology
• (2003) Use of internet by consumers and business becomes widespread, and
ordinary users are increasingly affected by spam and phishing.
• (2007) Massive DOS attack against Estonian government sites. Russian hackers
suspected.
2010s
• (2010) The United States and Israel introduce the Stuxnet virus into Iran’s nuclear
systems.
• (2014) Sony Pictures suffers a massive hack carried out by “Guardians of
Peace.” North Korean hackers suspected.
• (2016): Suspected interference and manipulation in the US presidential election
by Russian hackers.
• (2017) WannaCry and NotPetya ransomware attacks ravage the internet.
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