International Journal on Criminology Volume 2, Number 1, Spring 2014 | Page 20

International Journal on Criminology
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Autonomous attackers or
temporary or goal-driven
groups with political, societal or
economic motives
Sponsored attackers with
objectives “beyond tech” and
“beyond claim”: influence,
control, dismay, defeat.
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Stand-alone hackers or “code
warriors” defying authority,
responding to “gang culture” or
sub-culture (cyber-libertarians,
pioneers)
Cyber “free-riders” with an
organized crime culture and
organization, responding to
emerging demand (“rogue”)
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Figure 5
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