International Journal of Indonesian Studies Volume 1, Issue 3 | Page 41
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN STUDIES
SPRING 2016
Code-switching and English Language Variations among Indonesian
Facebookers
Billy Nathan Setiawan
Biodata: Billy Nathan Setiawan is a lecturer at Institute of Languages and Communication,
Sampoerna University. He completed an MA in Intercultural Communication at The
University of Manchester, UK. His research interests are in the area of intercultural
communication and the connection among foreign language learning, identity and culture.
His email address: [email protected] / [email protected] .
Abstract
Among Indonesians, English has also been used to communicate through social network
sites such as Facebook, Twitter and so on. The use of English in such media has contributed
to the development of Indonesian-English norms. This paper aims to analyse the English
language variations and the Indonesian-English code-switching among Indonesian
Facebookers (Indonesian term for Facebook users). Analysis will be based on similarities and
patterns of linguistic features such as grammar, vocabulary and discourse style used by
some Indonesians while writing English texts on Facebook. This study reveals that the use of
English of some Indonesians on Facebook is sometimes influenced by the colloquial
Indonesian, local pragmatic context and communicative norms. Code-switching has also
been used to help the speakers convey the message better.
Keywords: Code-switching, language variations, Indonesian-English
Introduction
This paper aims to investigate the English language variations and the Indonesian-English
code-switching among Indonesian Facebookers (Indonesian term for Facebook users). The
use of English, both in spoken and written form (such as on online blog, Facebook or Twitter)
has been a ‘pride’ among the Indonesian young generation (Hassall, Murtisari, Donnelly &
Wood, 2008). With the influence of the native Indonesian language and over 500 local
dialects in Indonesia, Indonesian-English could become a new variety of Englishes. Some
existing studies have revealed that Indonesian-English code-switching does not only occur in
spoken form. Indonesian-English code-switching has been found in Indonesian blogs (da
Silva, 2003). Moreover, a number of final year students have attempted to investigate codeswitching on Facebook (such as in Sutrismi, 2014). However, such studies mostly
acknowledge the types and the reasons only.
This paper seeks answers for the following questions:
1. Which patterns (grammatical structures, vocabulary and other discourse styles)
could be traced from the use of English among Indonesian Facebookers?
2. What has influenced the patterns?
41 | P a g e