Intelligent CIO Africa Issue 17 | Page 94

/ FINAL WORD Digital Identity: Defining ourselves in a virtual world SAP Africa’s Head of Innovation and South Africa’s Mars One candidate, Dr Adriana Marais, talks about taking back ownership of our identities in the digital world, through the compelling application of blockchain. W e’re bringing information and devices online at an unprecedented rate, raising one of the fundamental questions of our time: how do we represent ourselves in this digital world that we are creating? And more importantly, how do we secure our identity in a digital world? We’ve heard about blockchain for currencies and smart contracts, a compelling and crucial application is in securing online identity. For four billion years, the genetic code has been life’s data store, containing not only instructions for but also the lineage of all terrestrial life. Over the past few hundred thousand years, a new species has emerged, one that is rapidly and inexhaustibly producing huge volumes of data of their own: humans. A brief history of humanity’s data affair We have observed the world and made sense of it through language for as long as we’ve existed. Armed with the technologies we developed, we peered inside atoms and learned something about the behaviour of the fundamental particles including electrons and photons that we have found there. Developing capabilities to manipulate collections of these units of electricity and light has led to a series of technological revolutions that has had a fundamental impact on how we store, analyse and communicate information about our world. The network of networks, the Internet, has evolved over time from a range of contributing developments by mathematicians, scientists and engineers. In each decade from the 1940s, inventions included the transistor, the computer, computer networks, remote access to computing power, software and documents 94 INTELLIGENTCIO and finally, by the mid-1990s, commercial service providers ensured increasingly global connectivity. Near-instant text and audio- visual communication and the emergence of social media and online services across industries have vastly transformed our society in a remarkably short space of time. The benefits of increased connectivity come with the associated risk around how the information that we create, communicate and store can be intercepted, sometimes with malicious intent. Cryptography is the ancient art of achieving confidentiality by transforming a message such that is only intelligible to someone in possession of a key. Since the emergence of the Internet, a multitude of algorithms for data security have been developed and global standards for encryption protocols provide some level of communications security over our computer networks. Just months after the financial crash of 2008, the first digital currency to employ cryptography to solve the problem of double- spending without the requirement for a central trusted third party was proposed. That currency was Bitcoin, now valued at over US$100 billion and one of over 1,000 different cryptocurrencies. The technology underlying this decentralised capability is a distributed ledger, or blockchain. Transactions are recorded in blocks that are linked and secured by cryptography, these records are verified and stored across a network making the ledger resistant to modification. The really interesting part is that blockchain, the combination of capabilities in computing, connectivity and cryptography, has applications not only in the financial world, but www.intelligentcio.com