Mitochondria are complex structures that convert the energy from food into a form that the cell can use.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum is a network of tubes and sacs that helps process molecules created by the cell and also transports these molecules to their specific destinations, either inside or outside of the cell.
The Golgi Apparatus packages molecules processed by the endoplasmic reticulum to be transported out of the cell.
Lysosomes act like the garburators of the cell. They break down and recycle worn-out cell components, destroy invading bacteria and viruses, and rid the cell of toxic material.
Ribosomes are the molecular machines responsible for making proteins (protein synthesis). Enzymes are specialized proteins responsible for speeding up the chemical reactions that take place within cells.
How do Human Cells Replicate? Mitosis
Mitosis is a five-phase cell division process in which one cell (the mother) ultimately produces two new cells
(the daughters) that are genetically identical to itself. A single cell cycle can take up to 24 hours, start to finish. The majority of the cell divisions that happen in the human body involve mitosis. During development and growth, mitosis populates an organism’s body with cells, and throughout an organism’s life, it replaces old, worn-out cells with new ones.
BACTERIA
Bacterial cells are a lot simpler than human cells in terms of their internal machinery. In fact, they are the simplest cells in existence today. They plainly consist of a cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA and sometimes strands of flagella that are used to propel the cells. Because of their very simple make-up, bacteria fall into a category of cells called prokaryotes.